PHARMACEUTICS-XXI (Pharmaceutical Management and; Marketing-II)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. MARKETING MANAGEMENT:
Marketing channels, Promotion and Advertising and Salesmanship.
2. SALES MANAGEMENT:
Personnel, Buying, Receiving, Pricing, Sales promotion and Customer Services.
3. PHARMACY LAYOUT DESIGN:
Objectives of Layout Design, Types of Community Pharmacies (Pharmaceutical Centre, Prescription-oriented Pharmacies, Traditional Pharmacies and The Super Drug Store), Consumer goods and purchases, Classes of Layout designs, Principles and characteristics of Layout Design and Traffic Flow analysis.
Recommended Books
1. M Ahmad & N I Bukhari, Pharmaceutical Management and Marketing, Tariq Academy, Faisalabad-Pakistan (2002).
2. Patrick Tharp & Pedro J Lecca, Pharmacy Management for students and practitioners, The C V Mosby Company, St Louis, Toronto, London (1979).
3. Harry A Smith, Principles & Methods of Pharmacy Management, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1986.
Showing posts with label Pharmacy Syllabus in Pakistan. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Pharmacy Syllabus in Pakistan. Show all posts
Thursday, March 3, 2011
Fifth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-XX (Forensic Pharmacy-II)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 01
1. THE PHARMACY ACT, 1967.
2. THE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT, 1930.
3. THE FACTORY LAW 1934.
4. SHOPS AND ESTABLISHMENT ORDINANCE, 1969 WITH
RULES.
5. THE POISONS ACT, 1919.
6. CONTROL OF NARCOTICS SUBSTANCES ACT, 1997.
Recommended Books
1. R Z Hussain, The Manual of Drug Laws in Pakistan, Irfan Law Book House, Lahore-Pakistan (2003).
2. The Pharmacy Act, 1967
3. The Poisons Act, 1919
4. The Dangerous Drugs Act, 1930
5. The Factory Law, 1934
6. Shop and Establishment Ordinance, 1969
7. Control of Narcotics Substances Act, 1997.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 01
1. THE PHARMACY ACT, 1967.
2. THE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT, 1930.
3. THE FACTORY LAW 1934.
4. SHOPS AND ESTABLISHMENT ORDINANCE, 1969 WITH
RULES.
5. THE POISONS ACT, 1919.
6. CONTROL OF NARCOTICS SUBSTANCES ACT, 1997.
Recommended Books
1. R Z Hussain, The Manual of Drug Laws in Pakistan, Irfan Law Book House, Lahore-Pakistan (2003).
2. The Pharmacy Act, 1967
3. The Poisons Act, 1919
4. The Dangerous Drugs Act, 1930
5. The Factory Law, 1934
6. Shop and Establishment Ordinance, 1969
7. Control of Narcotics Substances Act, 1997.
Fifth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutical Technology
PHARMACEUTICS-XIX (Pharmaceutical Technology-II)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. MODIFIED DRUG RELEASE DOSAGE FORM:
The concept of sustained release, First order release approximation, Multiple dosing, Implementation of designing, Approaches based upon dosage form modification, Product evaluation and testing, Matrices tablets, Control release technology, Microencapsulation, Method of particle coating and Instrumentation in granule manufacturing.
2. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY:
Biotechnological aspects in the product development, Fundamentals of Genetic Engineering and its Application in Medicine, Principle, Synthesis and Application of Monoclonal, Antibodies, Introduction to Gene therapy, Immobilized Enzymes and their application in Medicine, General Principle and Methods of Microbial Assay.
PHARMACEUTICS-XIX (Pharmaceutical Technology-II)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Microbial assay, Particle size analysis using various methods, Stability studies of Pharmaceuticals, Coating of particles and To prepare, examine and control specifications of packaging materials.
Recommended Books
1. Anya M Hellery, Drug delivery and targeting, Taylor & Francis, London, 2001.
2. Joseph R Robinson Controlled drug delivery, Marcel & Dakker Inc, New York, 2nd Ed., 1987.
3. T V Ramabhadran, Pharmaceutical design and development, Ellis Horwood, New York, 1994.
4. M E Aulton, Pharmaceutics: Science of Dosage Forms Design, ELBS/Churchill Livingstone, London, 1998.
5. Banker, Modern pharmaceutics, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1990.
6. John A Bontempo, Development of biopharmaceutical parenteral dosage forms, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1997.
7. N K Jain, Controlled and Novel drug delivery, CBS Publishers and Distributers, New Dehi, 1997.
8. Ansel, Pharmaceutical Dosage Form in Drug Delivery System, Lee and Febiger, London, 1990.
9. Attaurahman and M I Chaudry, Bioassay techniques for drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2001.
10. Pramod K Gupta, Inject able drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1999.
11. H John Smith, Introduction to the principals of drug design and action, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1998.
12. Rong Liu, Water Insoluble Drug Formulations, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
13. Peter Blaisdell, Twenty First Century Pharmaceutical Development. CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
14. Lachman L, Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, 3rd Ed., 1986.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. MODIFIED DRUG RELEASE DOSAGE FORM:
The concept of sustained release, First order release approximation, Multiple dosing, Implementation of designing, Approaches based upon dosage form modification, Product evaluation and testing, Matrices tablets, Control release technology, Microencapsulation, Method of particle coating and Instrumentation in granule manufacturing.
2. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY:
Biotechnological aspects in the product development, Fundamentals of Genetic Engineering and its Application in Medicine, Principle, Synthesis and Application of Monoclonal, Antibodies, Introduction to Gene therapy, Immobilized Enzymes and their application in Medicine, General Principle and Methods of Microbial Assay.
PHARMACEUTICS-XIX (Pharmaceutical Technology-II)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Microbial assay, Particle size analysis using various methods, Stability studies of Pharmaceuticals, Coating of particles and To prepare, examine and control specifications of packaging materials.
Recommended Books
1. Anya M Hellery, Drug delivery and targeting, Taylor & Francis, London, 2001.
2. Joseph R Robinson Controlled drug delivery, Marcel & Dakker Inc, New York, 2nd Ed., 1987.
3. T V Ramabhadran, Pharmaceutical design and development, Ellis Horwood, New York, 1994.
4. M E Aulton, Pharmaceutics: Science of Dosage Forms Design, ELBS/Churchill Livingstone, London, 1998.
5. Banker, Modern pharmaceutics, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1990.
6. John A Bontempo, Development of biopharmaceutical parenteral dosage forms, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1997.
7. N K Jain, Controlled and Novel drug delivery, CBS Publishers and Distributers, New Dehi, 1997.
8. Ansel, Pharmaceutical Dosage Form in Drug Delivery System, Lee and Febiger, London, 1990.
9. Attaurahman and M I Chaudry, Bioassay techniques for drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2001.
10. Pramod K Gupta, Inject able drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1999.
11. H John Smith, Introduction to the principals of drug design and action, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1998.
12. Rong Liu, Water Insoluble Drug Formulations, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
13. Peter Blaisdell, Twenty First Century Pharmaceutical Development. CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
14. Lachman L, Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, 3rd Ed., 1986.
Fifth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-XVIII (Clinical Pharmacy-IV)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. PHARMACEUTICAL CARE, ITS SCOPE, MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATION OF CARE PLAN.
2. ROLE OF CLINICAL PHARMACIST IN COMMUNITY PHARMACY.
3. CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS:
(a) General Strategy: Terminology of Disease. Management and Treatment. Drug Selection.
(b) Basic introduction of some clinical situations, their clinical features, etiology, pathophysiology and treatment of causes:
Common Cold, Pharyngitis and Tonsilitis, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Diarrhea, Malaria, Meningitis, Tetanus, Typhoid Fever, Measles, Rabies, AIDS, Congestive cardiac failure,
Conjunctivitis, Anaemia, Gout, Asthma, Ulcer, Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Hapatitis, Dermatology (Scabies, Fungal diseases).
4. CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY:
(a) General information. Role of pharmacist in treatment of poisoning and general management of poisoning & overdosage. Role and Status of Poison Control Centre.
(b) Antidotes and their mechanism of action
5. SAVE INTRAVENOUS THERAPY & HAZARDS OF INTRAVENOUS THERAPY.
6. NON-COMPLIANCE:
Definition, introduction and importance, Extent of non-compliance, Methods of assessment, Reasons for non-compliance, Strategies for improving compliance and Designing of compliance trials.
PHARMACEUTICS-XVIII (Clinical Pharmacy-IV)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
Clerkship in the Clinical setting. A project related to Clinical Pharmacy Practices will be completed by the students and will be evaluated by the external examiner.
Recommended Books
1. Roger Walker, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Churchill Levingstone, London,
2. Guard Paul, A Behavioral Approach to Pharmacy Practice, Black Well, USA,
3. Herfindal Gourley, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics,
4. A J Winfield, Pharmaceutical Practice, Churchill Levingstone, London,
5. Kavin Taylor, Pharmacy Practice, Taylor & Francis, New York, 1998.
6. Deborah Rosenbaun, Clinical Research Coordinator Hand Book,
7. Simon Cook, Clinical Studies Management, a Practical Guide to Success,
8. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopaedia of Clinical Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing,
9. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopaedia of Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing, 2002.
10. Mellainie J Rantucci, Pharmacist Talking with Patients, 1997.
11. Smith GDG and Aronson J K, Oxford Text Book of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, Oxford University Press, UK, 1990.
12. Hansten P and Horn J, Drug interactions. Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1989.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. PHARMACEUTICAL CARE, ITS SCOPE, MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATION OF CARE PLAN.
2. ROLE OF CLINICAL PHARMACIST IN COMMUNITY PHARMACY.
3. CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS:
(a) General Strategy: Terminology of Disease. Management and Treatment. Drug Selection.
(b) Basic introduction of some clinical situations, their clinical features, etiology, pathophysiology and treatment of causes:
Common Cold, Pharyngitis and Tonsilitis, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Diarrhea, Malaria, Meningitis, Tetanus, Typhoid Fever, Measles, Rabies, AIDS, Congestive cardiac failure,
Conjunctivitis, Anaemia, Gout, Asthma, Ulcer, Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Hapatitis, Dermatology (Scabies, Fungal diseases).
4. CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY:
(a) General information. Role of pharmacist in treatment of poisoning and general management of poisoning & overdosage. Role and Status of Poison Control Centre.
(b) Antidotes and their mechanism of action
5. SAVE INTRAVENOUS THERAPY & HAZARDS OF INTRAVENOUS THERAPY.
6. NON-COMPLIANCE:
Definition, introduction and importance, Extent of non-compliance, Methods of assessment, Reasons for non-compliance, Strategies for improving compliance and Designing of compliance trials.
PHARMACEUTICS-XVIII (Clinical Pharmacy-IV)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
Clerkship in the Clinical setting. A project related to Clinical Pharmacy Practices will be completed by the students and will be evaluated by the external examiner.
Recommended Books
1. Roger Walker, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Churchill Levingstone, London,
2. Guard Paul, A Behavioral Approach to Pharmacy Practice, Black Well, USA,
3. Herfindal Gourley, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics,
4. A J Winfield, Pharmaceutical Practice, Churchill Levingstone, London,
5. Kavin Taylor, Pharmacy Practice, Taylor & Francis, New York, 1998.
6. Deborah Rosenbaun, Clinical Research Coordinator Hand Book,
7. Simon Cook, Clinical Studies Management, a Practical Guide to Success,
8. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopaedia of Clinical Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing,
9. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopaedia of Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing, 2002.
10. Mellainie J Rantucci, Pharmacist Talking with Patients, 1997.
11. Smith GDG and Aronson J K, Oxford Text Book of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, Oxford University Press, UK, 1990.
12. Hansten P and Horn J, Drug interactions. Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1989.
Fifth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutical Chemistry
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-VI (Medicinal Chemistry-VI)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
Note:- The topics will be taught with special reference to their Pharmaceutical Applications.
1. GENERAL PROPERTIES, CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGICAL ACTION, STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF THE FOLLOWING:
(a) Anti-septics: Phenols and related compounds, Halogens and Halogen compounds, Aromatic acid and esters, Dyes, Nitrofuran derivatives, Formaldehyde and its derivatives, Mercurochrome and Thiomersal.
(b) Sulphonamides: Prontosil, sulphanilamide, Sulphapyridine, sulphadimidine, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfadiazine and Sulfafurazole.
(c) Antimalarials: 4-Aminoquinolines, 8-Aminoquinolines, 9-Amino acridines, Biguanides, Pyrimidine analogues, Mefloquine and Cinchoha alkaloids.
(d) Anthelmintics: Phenols and related compounds, Piperazine derivatives, Thiabendazole, Mebendazole and Pyrantal.
(e) Diuretics: Mercaptomerin, Meralluride, Thiazides, Sprironolactone, Theophylline, Furosemide, Acetazolamiode, Ethacrynic acid and Triameterene.
(f) Anti-tubercular Drugs: Ethambutol, Isonicotinic acid, Hydrazid, Rifampacin, Thioguanine, Pyrazinamide, cycloserine, Ethunamide, Cytarabine, 5- Flourouracil and Dacarbazine.
(g) Antiviral Drugs: Acyclovir, Tromantadine Hydrochloride and Ribavirin.
(h) Immunosuppressant Agents: Azathioprine and Cyclosporin.
2. ANTIBIOTICS:
Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracyclines, Kanamycin and Erythromycin.
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-VI (Medicinal Chemistry-VI)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g.
1. Assay of the Drugs like Sulpha drugs, Aspirin, Paracetamol, Benzyl Penicillin.
2. Inorganic Preparations.
Recommended Books
1. Martin and Cook, Remington Practice of Pharmaceutical Science,
2. Foye W O, Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, Verghese Publising House,
3. Tyagi, Text Book of Synthetic Drugs, Anmol Publications, Delhi, 1990.
4. Alferd Burger, Medicinal Chemistry, Jhon Willey & Sons, New York,
5. Block, Roche, Soine and Wilson, Inorganic and Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Verghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1986.
6. Block, Roche, Soine and Wilson. Inorganic and Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1983.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
Note:- The topics will be taught with special reference to their Pharmaceutical Applications.
1. GENERAL PROPERTIES, CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGICAL ACTION, STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF THE FOLLOWING:
(a) Anti-septics: Phenols and related compounds, Halogens and Halogen compounds, Aromatic acid and esters, Dyes, Nitrofuran derivatives, Formaldehyde and its derivatives, Mercurochrome and Thiomersal.
(b) Sulphonamides: Prontosil, sulphanilamide, Sulphapyridine, sulphadimidine, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfadiazine and Sulfafurazole.
(c) Antimalarials: 4-Aminoquinolines, 8-Aminoquinolines, 9-Amino acridines, Biguanides, Pyrimidine analogues, Mefloquine and Cinchoha alkaloids.
(d) Anthelmintics: Phenols and related compounds, Piperazine derivatives, Thiabendazole, Mebendazole and Pyrantal.
(e) Diuretics: Mercaptomerin, Meralluride, Thiazides, Sprironolactone, Theophylline, Furosemide, Acetazolamiode, Ethacrynic acid and Triameterene.
(f) Anti-tubercular Drugs: Ethambutol, Isonicotinic acid, Hydrazid, Rifampacin, Thioguanine, Pyrazinamide, cycloserine, Ethunamide, Cytarabine, 5- Flourouracil and Dacarbazine.
(g) Antiviral Drugs: Acyclovir, Tromantadine Hydrochloride and Ribavirin.
(h) Immunosuppressant Agents: Azathioprine and Cyclosporin.
2. ANTIBIOTICS:
Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracyclines, Kanamycin and Erythromycin.
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-VI (Medicinal Chemistry-VI)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g.
1. Assay of the Drugs like Sulpha drugs, Aspirin, Paracetamol, Benzyl Penicillin.
2. Inorganic Preparations.
Recommended Books
1. Martin and Cook, Remington Practice of Pharmaceutical Science,
2. Foye W O, Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, Verghese Publising House,
3. Tyagi, Text Book of Synthetic Drugs, Anmol Publications, Delhi, 1990.
4. Alferd Burger, Medicinal Chemistry, Jhon Willey & Sons, New York,
5. Block, Roche, Soine and Wilson, Inorganic and Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Verghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1986.
6. Block, Roche, Soine and Wilson. Inorganic and Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1983.
Fifth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutical Management
PHARMACEUTICS-XX (Pharmaceutical Management and; Marketing-I)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. MANAGEMENT:
a) Nature and Principles of Management.
b) Types and Functions of Managers.
c) Planning: Purpose and types of Planning, Steps in Planning.
d) Organizing.
e) Management Control Systems
Purpose: Steps in the Control Process, Forms of Operations
control. Requirements for adequate control, Critical control points
and standards.
f) Motivation.
g) Innovation and creativity.
h) Communication.
2. PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT:
(a) Material Management.
Recommended Books
1. M Ahmad & N I Bukhari, Pharmaceutical Management and Marketing, Tariq Academy, Faisalabad-Pakistan (2002).
2. Patrick Tharp & Pedro J Lecca, Pharmacy Management for students and practitioners, The C V Mosby Company, St. Louis, Toronto, London (1979).
3. Harry A Smith, Principles & Methods of Pharmacy Management, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1986
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. MANAGEMENT:
a) Nature and Principles of Management.
b) Types and Functions of Managers.
c) Planning: Purpose and types of Planning, Steps in Planning.
d) Organizing.
e) Management Control Systems
Purpose: Steps in the Control Process, Forms of Operations
control. Requirements for adequate control, Critical control points
and standards.
f) Motivation.
g) Innovation and creativity.
h) Communication.
2. PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT:
(a) Material Management.
Recommended Books
1. M Ahmad & N I Bukhari, Pharmaceutical Management and Marketing, Tariq Academy, Faisalabad-Pakistan (2002).
2. Patrick Tharp & Pedro J Lecca, Pharmacy Management for students and practitioners, The C V Mosby Company, St. Louis, Toronto, London (1979).
3. Harry A Smith, Principles & Methods of Pharmacy Management, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1986
Fifth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-XIX (Forensic Pharmacy-I)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
STUDY OF DRUG LAWS:
(a) The Drugs Act 1976 and rules framed thereunder.
(b) Provincial Drug Rules (Respective Drug Rules will be taught in the
relevant province).
(c) Advertisement rules.
(d) Other related rules and Legal aspects.
Recommended Books
1. R Z Hussain. The Manual of Drug Laws in Pakistan, Irfan Law Book House, Lahore-Pakistan, 2003.
2. The Pharmacy Act, 1967.
3. The Poisons Act, 1919.
4. The Dangerous Drugs Act 1930.
5. The Factory Law 1934.
6. Shop and Establishment Ordinance 1969.
7. Control of Narcotics Substances Act 1997.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
STUDY OF DRUG LAWS:
(a) The Drugs Act 1976 and rules framed thereunder.
(b) Provincial Drug Rules (Respective Drug Rules will be taught in the
relevant province).
(c) Advertisement rules.
(d) Other related rules and Legal aspects.
Recommended Books
1. R Z Hussain. The Manual of Drug Laws in Pakistan, Irfan Law Book House, Lahore-Pakistan, 2003.
2. The Pharmacy Act, 1967.
3. The Poisons Act, 1919.
4. The Dangerous Drugs Act 1930.
5. The Factory Law 1934.
6. Shop and Establishment Ordinance 1969.
7. Control of Narcotics Substances Act 1997.
Fifth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-XVIII (Pharmaceutical Technology-I)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION AND
DOSAGE FORM DESIGN: Product Formulation, Need for Dosage Form
and Preformulation Studies.
2. FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT: Pharmaceutical Aerosoles,
Ophthalmic Preparations, and Parenteral Preparations.
3. ADVANCED FORMULATION TECHNIQUES: Development of a
formualtion methodology and flow plan for the new product. New
technologies in drug delivery system.
4. NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS:
a) Introduction to the Drug Carrier: Liposomes, Niosomes and
Biodegradable polymers.
b) Active & Passive Drug Delivery System.
c) Other Novel GIT Systems.
PHARMACEUTICS-XVIII (Pharmaceutical Technology-I)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the
basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the
requirements, e.g. Various techniques to develop the formulation,
Granulation technology, Study of drug delivery systems, Biotechnological
aspect of product development, In-vitro Quality Control
of various dosage forms.
Recommended Books
1. Anya M Hellery, Drug delivery and targeting, Taylor & Francis, London, 2001.
2. Joseph R Robinson Controlled drug delivery, Marcel & Dakker Inc, New York, 2nd Ed., 1987.
3. T V Ramabhadran, Pharmaceutical design and development, Ellis Horwood, New York, 1994.
4. M E Aulton, Pharmaceutics: Science of Dosage Forms Design, ELBS/Churchill Livingstone, London, 1998.
5. Banker, Modern pharmaceutics, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1990.
6. John A Bontempo, Development of biopharmaceutical parenteral dosage forms, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1997.
7. N K Jain, Controlled and Novel drug delivery, CBS Publishers & Distributers, New Dehi, 1997.
8. Ansel, Pharmaceutical Dosage Form in Drug Delivery System, Lee & Febiger, London, 1990.
9. Attaurahman and M I Chaudry, Bioassay techniques for drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2001.
10. Pramod K Gupta, Inject able drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1999.
11. H John Smith, Introduction to the principals of drug design and action, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1998
12. Rong Liu, Water Insoluble Drug Formulations, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
13. Peter Blaisdell, Twenty First Century Pharmaceutical Development. CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
14. Lachman L, Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, 3rd Ed., 1986.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION AND
DOSAGE FORM DESIGN: Product Formulation, Need for Dosage Form
and Preformulation Studies.
2. FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT: Pharmaceutical Aerosoles,
Ophthalmic Preparations, and Parenteral Preparations.
3. ADVANCED FORMULATION TECHNIQUES: Development of a
formualtion methodology and flow plan for the new product. New
technologies in drug delivery system.
4. NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS:
a) Introduction to the Drug Carrier: Liposomes, Niosomes and
Biodegradable polymers.
b) Active & Passive Drug Delivery System.
c) Other Novel GIT Systems.
PHARMACEUTICS-XVIII (Pharmaceutical Technology-I)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the
basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the
requirements, e.g. Various techniques to develop the formulation,
Granulation technology, Study of drug delivery systems, Biotechnological
aspect of product development, In-vitro Quality Control
of various dosage forms.
Recommended Books
1. Anya M Hellery, Drug delivery and targeting, Taylor & Francis, London, 2001.
2. Joseph R Robinson Controlled drug delivery, Marcel & Dakker Inc, New York, 2nd Ed., 1987.
3. T V Ramabhadran, Pharmaceutical design and development, Ellis Horwood, New York, 1994.
4. M E Aulton, Pharmaceutics: Science of Dosage Forms Design, ELBS/Churchill Livingstone, London, 1998.
5. Banker, Modern pharmaceutics, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1990.
6. John A Bontempo, Development of biopharmaceutical parenteral dosage forms, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1997.
7. N K Jain, Controlled and Novel drug delivery, CBS Publishers & Distributers, New Dehi, 1997.
8. Ansel, Pharmaceutical Dosage Form in Drug Delivery System, Lee & Febiger, London, 1990.
9. Attaurahman and M I Chaudry, Bioassay techniques for drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2001.
10. Pramod K Gupta, Inject able drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1999.
11. H John Smith, Introduction to the principals of drug design and action, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1998
12. Rong Liu, Water Insoluble Drug Formulations, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
13. Peter Blaisdell, Twenty First Century Pharmaceutical Development. CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
14. Lachman L, Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, 3rd Ed., 1986.
Fifth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-XVII (Clinical Pharmacy-III)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS: Rational Presribing, Rational Dispensing,
Problems of Irrational Drug Use, Learning about drug use problem,
Sampling to study drug use, Indicators of drug use.
2. INTRODUCTION TO ESSENTIAL DRUGS: Criteria for selection,
Usage and Advantages.
3. DRUG UTILZATION EVALUATION & DRUG UTILIZATION
REVIEW (DUE/DUR): Development of protocol of use of few very low
therapeutic index drug groups like Steroids, Vancomycin and Cimetidine.
4. DRUG ABUSE and; MISUSE.
5. PRACTICAL PHARMACOKINETICS: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of
Digoxin, Theophyline, Gentamycin, Lithium, Phenytoin, Cabamazepine,
Phenobarbitone, Primidone, Walparic Acid, Cyclosporins and
Vancomycin.
6. PHARMACOECONOMIC STUDIES.
PHARMACEUTICS-XVII (Clinical Pharmacy-III)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
Clerkship in the Clinical setting. A project related to Clinical Pharmacy
Practices will be completed by the students and will be evaluated by the
external examiner.
Recommended Books
1. Roger Walker, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Churchill Levingstone, London, 3rd Ed., 2003.
2. Guard Paul, A Behavioral Approach to Pharmacy Practice, Black Well, USA, 2000.
3. Herfindal Gourley, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, William & Willkins, London, 1992.
4. A J Winfield, Pharmaceutical Practice, Churchill Levingstone, London, 2nd Ed., 1998.
5. Kavin Taylor, Pharmacy Practice, Taylor & Francis, New York, 1998.
6. Deborah Rosenbaun, Clinical Research Coordinator Hand Book, 2nd Ed., Sarrison, Inc, North Carolina, USA.
7. Simon Cook, Clinical Studies Management, a Practical Guide to Success, Sue Horwood Publishing limited, West Sussex, UK.
8. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopedia of Clinical Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker, Publishing, 2003.
9. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopedia of Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing, 2002.
10. Mellainie J Rantucci, Pharmacist Talking with Patients, 1997.
11. Smith GDG and Aronson J K, Oxford Text Book of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, Oxford University Press, UK, 1990.
12. Hansten P and Horn J, Drug interactions. Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1989.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS: Rational Presribing, Rational Dispensing,
Problems of Irrational Drug Use, Learning about drug use problem,
Sampling to study drug use, Indicators of drug use.
2. INTRODUCTION TO ESSENTIAL DRUGS: Criteria for selection,
Usage and Advantages.
3. DRUG UTILZATION EVALUATION & DRUG UTILIZATION
REVIEW (DUE/DUR): Development of protocol of use of few very low
therapeutic index drug groups like Steroids, Vancomycin and Cimetidine.
4. DRUG ABUSE and; MISUSE.
5. PRACTICAL PHARMACOKINETICS: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of
Digoxin, Theophyline, Gentamycin, Lithium, Phenytoin, Cabamazepine,
Phenobarbitone, Primidone, Walparic Acid, Cyclosporins and
Vancomycin.
6. PHARMACOECONOMIC STUDIES.
PHARMACEUTICS-XVII (Clinical Pharmacy-III)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
Clerkship in the Clinical setting. A project related to Clinical Pharmacy
Practices will be completed by the students and will be evaluated by the
external examiner.
Recommended Books
1. Roger Walker, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Churchill Levingstone, London, 3rd Ed., 2003.
2. Guard Paul, A Behavioral Approach to Pharmacy Practice, Black Well, USA, 2000.
3. Herfindal Gourley, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, William & Willkins, London, 1992.
4. A J Winfield, Pharmaceutical Practice, Churchill Levingstone, London, 2nd Ed., 1998.
5. Kavin Taylor, Pharmacy Practice, Taylor & Francis, New York, 1998.
6. Deborah Rosenbaun, Clinical Research Coordinator Hand Book, 2nd Ed., Sarrison, Inc, North Carolina, USA.
7. Simon Cook, Clinical Studies Management, a Practical Guide to Success, Sue Horwood Publishing limited, West Sussex, UK.
8. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopedia of Clinical Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker, Publishing, 2003.
9. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopedia of Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing, 2002.
10. Mellainie J Rantucci, Pharmacist Talking with Patients, 1997.
11. Smith GDG and Aronson J K, Oxford Text Book of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, Oxford University Press, UK, 1990.
12. Hansten P and Horn J, Drug interactions. Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1989.
Fifth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutical Chemistry
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-V (Medicinal Chemistry-I)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
Note: The topics will be taught with special reference to their Pharmaceutical Applications.
1. INTRODUCTION TO MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY: Chemical constitution and biological activity: (Receptor, Theory, Structure Activity Relationships (SAR) and Drug Metabolism).
2. CLASSIFICATION OF SYNTHETIC DRUGS: Drug Design and recent approaches to the synthesis of drugs (a brief concept of methods and reactions of synthesis of various drugs).
3. GENERAL PROPERTIES, CHEMISTRY (General methods of determination, the structure & isolation from natural source), BIOLOGICAL ACTION, STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF THE FOLLOWING:
e) Anaesthetics: Local anaesthetics (Procaine, Lignocaine, Eucaine, Cocaine and Benzocaine), General anaesthetics (Cyclopropane, Halothane, Nitrous oxide, Chloroform, Thiopental Sodium, Ketamine, Methohexital, Thioamylal Sodium, Fantanyl Citrate, Tribromo ethanol).
f) Analgesics and Antipyretics: Paracetamol, Salicylic acid analogues, Quinolines derivatives, Pyrazolone and Pyrazolodiones, Narylanthranilic acids, Aryl and heteroaryl acetic acid derivatives.
d) Sedatives and Hypnotics: Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates, Paraldehyde, Glutethimide, Chloral hydrate, and alcohols.
a) Vitamins: Water Soluble Vitamins (B1, B2, B6, B12, Folic acid, Nicotinic acid, Biotin, Pantothenic acid and Ascorbic acid) Fat Soluble Vitamins (A, D, E, and K).
b) Hormones: Steroidal Hormones (Testosterone, Progesterone, Estrogen, Aldosteron and Cortisol), Proteinous Hormones (Insulin, Glucagon, Oxytocin and Vassopressin).
c) Anti-neoplastic Agents: Tamoxifen, Fluorouracil, Mercapturine, Methotrexate and Vincristine.
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-V (Medicinal Chemistry-I)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g.
1. Estimation of functional groups; Carboxylic, Hydroxy, Amino and Nitro groups; Determination of Molecular weights of Organic Compounds.
2. Synthesis of Paracetamol, Salicylic Acid, Methyl salicylate, Azobenzene, Benzoic Acid, 5-Hydroxy-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one, Aspirin, P-nitrosophenol, 3-nitrophthalic acid, o-Chloro-benzoic acid.
Recommended Books
1. Martin and Cook, Remington Practice of Pharmaceutical Science, Mack Publishing Company, USA, 2001
2. Foye W O, Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, Verghese Publising House, Bomby, 1995.
3. Tyagi, Text Book of Synthetic Drugs, Anmol Publications, Delhi, 1990. 4. Alferd Burger, Medicinal Chemistry, Jhon Willey & Sons, New York, 1996.
4. Block, Roche, Soine and Wilson, Inorganic and Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Verghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1986.
5. Block, Roche, Soine and Wilson. Inorganic and Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1983.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
Note: The topics will be taught with special reference to their Pharmaceutical Applications.
1. INTRODUCTION TO MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY: Chemical constitution and biological activity: (Receptor, Theory, Structure Activity Relationships (SAR) and Drug Metabolism).
2. CLASSIFICATION OF SYNTHETIC DRUGS: Drug Design and recent approaches to the synthesis of drugs (a brief concept of methods and reactions of synthesis of various drugs).
3. GENERAL PROPERTIES, CHEMISTRY (General methods of determination, the structure & isolation from natural source), BIOLOGICAL ACTION, STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF THE FOLLOWING:
e) Anaesthetics: Local anaesthetics (Procaine, Lignocaine, Eucaine, Cocaine and Benzocaine), General anaesthetics (Cyclopropane, Halothane, Nitrous oxide, Chloroform, Thiopental Sodium, Ketamine, Methohexital, Thioamylal Sodium, Fantanyl Citrate, Tribromo ethanol).
f) Analgesics and Antipyretics: Paracetamol, Salicylic acid analogues, Quinolines derivatives, Pyrazolone and Pyrazolodiones, Narylanthranilic acids, Aryl and heteroaryl acetic acid derivatives.
d) Sedatives and Hypnotics: Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates, Paraldehyde, Glutethimide, Chloral hydrate, and alcohols.
a) Vitamins: Water Soluble Vitamins (B1, B2, B6, B12, Folic acid, Nicotinic acid, Biotin, Pantothenic acid and Ascorbic acid) Fat Soluble Vitamins (A, D, E, and K).
b) Hormones: Steroidal Hormones (Testosterone, Progesterone, Estrogen, Aldosteron and Cortisol), Proteinous Hormones (Insulin, Glucagon, Oxytocin and Vassopressin).
c) Anti-neoplastic Agents: Tamoxifen, Fluorouracil, Mercapturine, Methotrexate and Vincristine.
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-V (Medicinal Chemistry-I)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g.
1. Estimation of functional groups; Carboxylic, Hydroxy, Amino and Nitro groups; Determination of Molecular weights of Organic Compounds.
2. Synthesis of Paracetamol, Salicylic Acid, Methyl salicylate, Azobenzene, Benzoic Acid, 5-Hydroxy-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one, Aspirin, P-nitrosophenol, 3-nitrophthalic acid, o-Chloro-benzoic acid.
Recommended Books
1. Martin and Cook, Remington Practice of Pharmaceutical Science, Mack Publishing Company, USA, 2001
2. Foye W O, Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, Verghese Publising House, Bomby, 1995.
3. Tyagi, Text Book of Synthetic Drugs, Anmol Publications, Delhi, 1990. 4. Alferd Burger, Medicinal Chemistry, Jhon Willey & Sons, New York, 1996.
4. Block, Roche, Soine and Wilson, Inorganic and Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Verghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1986.
5. Block, Roche, Soine and Wilson. Inorganic and Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1983.
Fourth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-XVI (Pharmaceutical Quality Managements-II)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. BIOLOGICAL ASSAYS: Biological methods, Standard praprations and units of activity, Bioassay of antibiotics, Bioassay of insulin injection, Assay of prepared digitalis and Assay of Vitamin D.
2. ALCOHOL DETERMIANTION: Alcoholometric methods, Problem during distillation of alcohol, Method for liquids containing less than 30% or more than 30% alcohol and special treatment before distillation.
3. ALKALOIDAL DRUG ASSAY: Weighing for assay, Extraction of drugs, Maceration, Percolation, Continuous extraction, Puriifcation of Alkaloids and determination of alkaloids.
4. MISCELLANEOUS DETERMINATIONS AND TESTS: Determiantion of weight/ml, Water/Moisture content, Loss on Drying, Toxicity tests & Identification tests, Evaluation of Ointments, Ash contents and Alkalinity of Glass.
5. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF APPENDICES ATTACHED TO B.P., BPC, AND USP.
6. STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION OF QUALITY CONTROL CHARTS DURING MANUFACTURING PROCESSES.
PHARMACEUTICS-XVI (Pharmaceutical Quality Managements-II)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Sterility test, Determiantion of Ash contents, Determination of Moisture contents, Determination of total solids, Determination of viscosity of syrups, gels, etc., Determination of emulsion types.
Recommended Books
1. A H Beckett and J B Stennlake, Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Part-I and II, The Alton Press, London.
2. A M Knevel and F E Digangi, Jenkin’s Quantitative Pharmaceutical chemistry, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
3. K A Connors, A Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, John — Wiley and Sons, New York.
4. A Braithwaite and F J Smith, Chromatographic Methods, Chapman and Hall, London.
5. G D Christian, Analytical Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
6. Karamt A Javaid, Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance in Class, Industry and Market, Aziz Publishers, Lahore-Pakistan (1993).
7. Gil Bismuth and Shosh Neumann, Cleaning Validation, A practical approach. CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2003.
8. J T Carstersen and C T Rhodes, Drug Stability: Principles and Practices, 3rd Ed. (revised and expanded) Mercel Dekker, New York, 2000.
9. Sydney H Willig, Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceuticals, Marcel Dekker Publishing.
10. Bryant R, The pharmaceutical Quality Control Hand Book, Aster Publishing Corporation, Eugene, 1989.
11. Braun R E, Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, McGraw-Hill Book Co, NY, 1987.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. BIOLOGICAL ASSAYS: Biological methods, Standard praprations and units of activity, Bioassay of antibiotics, Bioassay of insulin injection, Assay of prepared digitalis and Assay of Vitamin D.
2. ALCOHOL DETERMIANTION: Alcoholometric methods, Problem during distillation of alcohol, Method for liquids containing less than 30% or more than 30% alcohol and special treatment before distillation.
3. ALKALOIDAL DRUG ASSAY: Weighing for assay, Extraction of drugs, Maceration, Percolation, Continuous extraction, Puriifcation of Alkaloids and determination of alkaloids.
4. MISCELLANEOUS DETERMINATIONS AND TESTS: Determiantion of weight/ml, Water/Moisture content, Loss on Drying, Toxicity tests & Identification tests, Evaluation of Ointments, Ash contents and Alkalinity of Glass.
5. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF APPENDICES ATTACHED TO B.P., BPC, AND USP.
6. STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION OF QUALITY CONTROL CHARTS DURING MANUFACTURING PROCESSES.
PHARMACEUTICS-XVI (Pharmaceutical Quality Managements-II)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Sterility test, Determiantion of Ash contents, Determination of Moisture contents, Determination of total solids, Determination of viscosity of syrups, gels, etc., Determination of emulsion types.
Recommended Books
1. A H Beckett and J B Stennlake, Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Part-I and II, The Alton Press, London.
2. A M Knevel and F E Digangi, Jenkin’s Quantitative Pharmaceutical chemistry, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
3. K A Connors, A Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, John — Wiley and Sons, New York.
4. A Braithwaite and F J Smith, Chromatographic Methods, Chapman and Hall, London.
5. G D Christian, Analytical Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
6. Karamt A Javaid, Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance in Class, Industry and Market, Aziz Publishers, Lahore-Pakistan (1993).
7. Gil Bismuth and Shosh Neumann, Cleaning Validation, A practical approach. CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2003.
8. J T Carstersen and C T Rhodes, Drug Stability: Principles and Practices, 3rd Ed. (revised and expanded) Mercel Dekker, New York, 2000.
9. Sydney H Willig, Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceuticals, Marcel Dekker Publishing.
10. Bryant R, The pharmaceutical Quality Control Hand Book, Aster Publishing Corporation, Eugene, 1989.
11. Braun R E, Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, McGraw-Hill Book Co, NY, 1987.
Fourth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-X (Biopharmaceutics-II)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOKINETICS: Determination through plasma drug level studies. Application of pharmacokinetics in clinical situations.
2. CONCEPT OF COMPARTMENT (S) MODELS: One compartment open model. Two compartment open model. Three compartment open model and Non-compartmental method of analysis.
3. BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE AND VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION:
Concept and Methods of Determination.
4. DRUG CLEARANCE:
Mechanism, determination and relationship of clearance with half-life.
5. ELIMINATION OF DRUGS:
a) Hepatic Elimination. Percent of Drug Metabolized, Drug Biotransformation reactions, (Phase-I reactions and phase-II reactions), First pass effect, Hepatic clearance of protein bound drugs and Biliary excretion of drugs.
b) Renal Excretion of Drugs: Renal clearance, Tubular Secretion and Tubular Reabsorption.
c) Elimination of Drugs through other organs: Pulmonary excretion, Salivary excretion, Mammary excretion, Skin excretion and Genital excretion.
6. PROTEIN BINDING:
Determination of plasma protein binding and Clinical significance of drug-protein binding.
7. APPLICATIONS OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND BIOAVAILABILITY IN CLINICAL SITUATIONS.
8. APPLICATIONS OF PHARMACOKIENTICS IN DISEASE STATES.
PHARMACEUTICS-X (Biopharmaceutics-II)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g.
1. Plasma level-time curve: Determination of Pharmacokinetic parameters.
2. Determination of plasma protein binding.
3. Urinary sampling techniques.
4. In Laboratory animals. In humans. Renal excretion of drugs or drug disposition.
Recommended Books
1. Leon Shargel, Applied Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Appleton & Lange, New York, 4th Ed., 1999.
2. Malcoln Rouland, Thomous N Tozer, Clinical Pharmacokinetics, William & Willkins, London, 1995.
3. Milo Gibaldi, Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Marchel & Dakker Inc, New York, 1982.
4. Gibbson and Skett, Introduction to Drug Metabolism, Champ & Hall, London, 1986.
5. Robert E Notari, Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Marchel & Dakker Inc, New York, 1988.
6. Stephen H Curry, Drug disposition and pharmacokinetics, Black Well Scientific Publishing, Oxford, 1977.
7. Avraham Yacobi, Toxicokinetics and New Drug Development, Paramount Press, New York, 1989.
8. Sarfraz Niazi, Text Book of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, 1985.
9. P Macheras, C Reppas and J B Dressman, Biopharmaceutics of orally administered drugs, Ellis Horwood Limited, London (1995).
10. Albert P Li, Invitro approaches for evaluation of drug efficacy and toxicity, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2004.
11. Ronald D Schoenwald, Pharmacokinetics in drug discovery and Development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2002.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOKINETICS: Determination through plasma drug level studies. Application of pharmacokinetics in clinical situations.
2. CONCEPT OF COMPARTMENT (S) MODELS: One compartment open model. Two compartment open model. Three compartment open model and Non-compartmental method of analysis.
3. BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE AND VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION:
Concept and Methods of Determination.
4. DRUG CLEARANCE:
Mechanism, determination and relationship of clearance with half-life.
5. ELIMINATION OF DRUGS:
a) Hepatic Elimination. Percent of Drug Metabolized, Drug Biotransformation reactions, (Phase-I reactions and phase-II reactions), First pass effect, Hepatic clearance of protein bound drugs and Biliary excretion of drugs.
b) Renal Excretion of Drugs: Renal clearance, Tubular Secretion and Tubular Reabsorption.
c) Elimination of Drugs through other organs: Pulmonary excretion, Salivary excretion, Mammary excretion, Skin excretion and Genital excretion.
6. PROTEIN BINDING:
Determination of plasma protein binding and Clinical significance of drug-protein binding.
7. APPLICATIONS OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND BIOAVAILABILITY IN CLINICAL SITUATIONS.
8. APPLICATIONS OF PHARMACOKIENTICS IN DISEASE STATES.
PHARMACEUTICS-X (Biopharmaceutics-II)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g.
1. Plasma level-time curve: Determination of Pharmacokinetic parameters.
2. Determination of plasma protein binding.
3. Urinary sampling techniques.
4. In Laboratory animals. In humans. Renal excretion of drugs or drug disposition.
Recommended Books
1. Leon Shargel, Applied Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Appleton & Lange, New York, 4th Ed., 1999.
2. Malcoln Rouland, Thomous N Tozer, Clinical Pharmacokinetics, William & Willkins, London, 1995.
3. Milo Gibaldi, Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Marchel & Dakker Inc, New York, 1982.
4. Gibbson and Skett, Introduction to Drug Metabolism, Champ & Hall, London, 1986.
5. Robert E Notari, Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Marchel & Dakker Inc, New York, 1988.
6. Stephen H Curry, Drug disposition and pharmacokinetics, Black Well Scientific Publishing, Oxford, 1977.
7. Avraham Yacobi, Toxicokinetics and New Drug Development, Paramount Press, New York, 1989.
8. Sarfraz Niazi, Text Book of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, 1985.
9. P Macheras, C Reppas and J B Dressman, Biopharmaceutics of orally administered drugs, Ellis Horwood Limited, London (1995).
10. Albert P Li, Invitro approaches for evaluation of drug efficacy and toxicity, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2004.
11. Ronald D Schoenwald, Pharmacokinetics in drug discovery and Development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2002.
Fourth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-IX (Industrial Pharmacy-II)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. EMULSIONS:
Mechanical Equipments, Specific formulation Considerations and Emulsion stability.
2. SUSPENSIONS: Formulation of suspensions, Equipment used in preparation and test methods for pharmaceutical suspensions.
3. SEMISOLIDS:
Equipment used for Ointments, Pastes, Gels and Jellies. Packaging of ointments.
4. STERILE PRODUCTS:
Sterile area and its Classification, Ophthalmic ointments, Preparation of praenterals (Building, Equipment), Complete Sterility (Aseptic area), air control, (Laminar flow etc.), air locks, Environmental monitoring methods, Sterilization, Filling/Packaging (Plastic and glass containers), Added substances (Preservatives, antioxidants, solubilizer, suspending agents, buffers, stabilizers etc.), Inprocess Quality Control of Parenterals (Sterility, leakage, pyrogens, clarity etc.).
5. STANDARDIZATION OF PHARMACEUTICALS: An understanding of quality assurance system adopted in pharmaceutical industry. Good Manufacturing Practices and Current Good Manufacturing Practices.
6. PACKING & PACKAGING:
Influence of Packaging materials, Stability, Packaging Lines, Packaging Area, Packaging Equipment.
7. EQUIPMENTS USED FOR: Patches, Sprays, Implants, Sutures, Plasters and Sachet packing.
8. STUDY TOUR:
A visit to the pharmaceutical industries will be an integral part of the syllabi
PHARMACEUTICS-IX (Industrial Pharmacy-II)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g.
1. Ampoule filling, sealing and sterilization clarity and leakage tests in injectables.
2. Capsule filling by semi automatic machines. Manufacture of sustained action drugs.
3. Tablets Tests like Disintegration. Dissolution. Friability. Hardness and thickness tests. Determination of weight variation in tablets. Density of powder. Particle size analysis.
Recommended Books
1. Lackman, Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Verghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1987.
2. Cooper and Gunn’s, Tutorial Pharmacy, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
3. Bentley’s Pharmaceutical Text Book, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
4. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Company, USA, 2001.
5. John Sharp, Good Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Practice, Rational and Compliance.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. EMULSIONS:
Mechanical Equipments, Specific formulation Considerations and Emulsion stability.
2. SUSPENSIONS: Formulation of suspensions, Equipment used in preparation and test methods for pharmaceutical suspensions.
3. SEMISOLIDS:
Equipment used for Ointments, Pastes, Gels and Jellies. Packaging of ointments.
4. STERILE PRODUCTS:
Sterile area and its Classification, Ophthalmic ointments, Preparation of praenterals (Building, Equipment), Complete Sterility (Aseptic area), air control, (Laminar flow etc.), air locks, Environmental monitoring methods, Sterilization, Filling/Packaging (Plastic and glass containers), Added substances (Preservatives, antioxidants, solubilizer, suspending agents, buffers, stabilizers etc.), Inprocess Quality Control of Parenterals (Sterility, leakage, pyrogens, clarity etc.).
5. STANDARDIZATION OF PHARMACEUTICALS: An understanding of quality assurance system adopted in pharmaceutical industry. Good Manufacturing Practices and Current Good Manufacturing Practices.
6. PACKING & PACKAGING:
Influence of Packaging materials, Stability, Packaging Lines, Packaging Area, Packaging Equipment.
7. EQUIPMENTS USED FOR: Patches, Sprays, Implants, Sutures, Plasters and Sachet packing.
8. STUDY TOUR:
A visit to the pharmaceutical industries will be an integral part of the syllabi
PHARMACEUTICS-IX (Industrial Pharmacy-II)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g.
1. Ampoule filling, sealing and sterilization clarity and leakage tests in injectables.
2. Capsule filling by semi automatic machines. Manufacture of sustained action drugs.
3. Tablets Tests like Disintegration. Dissolution. Friability. Hardness and thickness tests. Determination of weight variation in tablets. Density of powder. Particle size analysis.
Recommended Books
1. Lackman, Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Verghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1987.
2. Cooper and Gunn’s, Tutorial Pharmacy, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
3. Bentley’s Pharmaceutical Text Book, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
4. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Company, USA, 2001.
5. John Sharp, Good Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Practice, Rational and Compliance.
Fourth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-VIII (Clinical Pharmacy-II)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. DRUG INTERACTIONS:
Mechanism, Physiological factors affecting interaction, Types and level of drug interactions, Role of pharmacist in evaluating drug interactions & its management.
2. ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS: Adverse Drug Reactions and Side Effects: Classification, Excessive pharmacological response, Idiosyncrasy, Secondary pharmacological effects, Allergic drug reactions, General toxicity, Toxicity following drug
Withdrawal, Detection, reporting & Management of ADR.
3. DRUG INDUCED DISEASES.
4. COMPUTERS IN CLINICAL PHARMACY:
5. UTILIZATION OF CLINICAL DRUG LITERATURE: Introduction, Drug literature selection, Drug literature evaluation and Drug literature communication.
PHARMACEUTICS-VIII (Clinical Pharmacy-II)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
Clerkship in the Clinical setting. A project related to Clinical Pharmacy Practices will be completed by the students and will be evaluated by the external examiner.
Recommended Books
1. Roger Walker, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Churchill Levingstone, London, 3rd Ed., 2003
2. Guard Paul, A Behavioral Approach to Pharmacy Practice, Black Well, USA, 2000.
3. Herfindal Gourley, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, William & Willkins, London, 1992.
4. A J Winfield, Pharmaceutical Practice, Churchill Levingstone, London, 2nd Ed., 1998.
5. Kavin Taylor, Pharmacy Practice, Taylor & Francis, New York, 1998.
6. Deborah Rosenbaun, Clinical Research Coordinator Hand Book, 2nd edition, Sarrison, Inc, North Carolina, USA.
7. Simon Cook, Clinical Studies Management, a Practical Guide to Success, Sue Horwood Publishing limited, West Sussex, UK.
8. Joseph. T Dipiro, Encyclopaedia of Clinical Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing, 2003
9. Joseph T, Dipiro, Encyclopaedia of Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing, 2002
10. Mellainie J Rantucci, Pharmacist Talking with Patients, 1997.
11. Smith GDG and Aronson J K, Oxford Text Book of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, Oxford University Press, UK, 1990.
12. Hansten P and Horn J, Drug interactions. Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1989.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. DRUG INTERACTIONS:
Mechanism, Physiological factors affecting interaction, Types and level of drug interactions, Role of pharmacist in evaluating drug interactions & its management.
2. ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS: Adverse Drug Reactions and Side Effects: Classification, Excessive pharmacological response, Idiosyncrasy, Secondary pharmacological effects, Allergic drug reactions, General toxicity, Toxicity following drug
Withdrawal, Detection, reporting & Management of ADR.
3. DRUG INDUCED DISEASES.
4. COMPUTERS IN CLINICAL PHARMACY:
5. UTILIZATION OF CLINICAL DRUG LITERATURE: Introduction, Drug literature selection, Drug literature evaluation and Drug literature communication.
PHARMACEUTICS-VIII (Clinical Pharmacy-II)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
Clerkship in the Clinical setting. A project related to Clinical Pharmacy Practices will be completed by the students and will be evaluated by the external examiner.
Recommended Books
1. Roger Walker, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Churchill Levingstone, London, 3rd Ed., 2003
2. Guard Paul, A Behavioral Approach to Pharmacy Practice, Black Well, USA, 2000.
3. Herfindal Gourley, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, William & Willkins, London, 1992.
4. A J Winfield, Pharmaceutical Practice, Churchill Levingstone, London, 2nd Ed., 1998.
5. Kavin Taylor, Pharmacy Practice, Taylor & Francis, New York, 1998.
6. Deborah Rosenbaun, Clinical Research Coordinator Hand Book, 2nd edition, Sarrison, Inc, North Carolina, USA.
7. Simon Cook, Clinical Studies Management, a Practical Guide to Success, Sue Horwood Publishing limited, West Sussex, UK.
8. Joseph. T Dipiro, Encyclopaedia of Clinical Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing, 2003
9. Joseph T, Dipiro, Encyclopaedia of Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing, 2002
10. Mellainie J Rantucci, Pharmacist Talking with Patients, 1997.
11. Smith GDG and Aronson J K, Oxford Text Book of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, Oxford University Press, UK, 1990.
12. Hansten P and Horn J, Drug interactions. Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1989.
Fourth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-VII (Hospital Pharmacy-II)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. MANUFACTURING BULK AND STERILE.
2. THE PHARMACY-CENTRAL STERILE SUPPLY ROOM.
3. ASEPTIC DISPENSING
TPN, I/V Admixtures, Cytotoxic Dispensing, Semi-sterile Dispensing (Eye drops, Ear drops) and Hyperailimentation.
4. ROLE OF PHARMACISTS IN SMALL HOSPITALS, NURSING HOMES ETC:
5. PURCHASING, DISTRIBUTION AND CONTROL OF HOSPITAL MEDICINES, MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLIES: Purchasing, Stocking, Stock Control, Inventory Management, Drug Distribution, Relationship between purchasing, Distribution and Clinical
Pharmacy Services.
6. NUCLEAR PHARMACY.
7. THE PHYSICAL PLANT AND ITS EQUIPMENT
8. INVESTIGATIONAL USE OF DRUGS.
9. HEALTH ACCESSORIES.
10. SURGICAL SUPPLIES.
11. INSPECTION OF WARDS WITH REFERENCE TO DRUG STORAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.
12. MANAGEMENT OF ACCIDENT & EMERGENCY PHARMACY (A & E).
13. COMMON KNOWLEDGE OF ABOUT 100 DRUGS REGISTERED BY MINISTRY OF HEALTH, GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN.
Recommended Books
1. William Hassan, Hospital Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger, Washington, 5th Ed., 1986.
2. N I Bukhari, Hospital Pharmacy, Aziz Book Depot, Lahore-Pakistan (2000).
3. Martin Stephen, Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Press, London, 2003.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. MANUFACTURING BULK AND STERILE.
2. THE PHARMACY-CENTRAL STERILE SUPPLY ROOM.
3. ASEPTIC DISPENSING
TPN, I/V Admixtures, Cytotoxic Dispensing, Semi-sterile Dispensing (Eye drops, Ear drops) and Hyperailimentation.
4. ROLE OF PHARMACISTS IN SMALL HOSPITALS, NURSING HOMES ETC:
5. PURCHASING, DISTRIBUTION AND CONTROL OF HOSPITAL MEDICINES, MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLIES: Purchasing, Stocking, Stock Control, Inventory Management, Drug Distribution, Relationship between purchasing, Distribution and Clinical
Pharmacy Services.
6. NUCLEAR PHARMACY.
7. THE PHYSICAL PLANT AND ITS EQUIPMENT
8. INVESTIGATIONAL USE OF DRUGS.
9. HEALTH ACCESSORIES.
10. SURGICAL SUPPLIES.
11. INSPECTION OF WARDS WITH REFERENCE TO DRUG STORAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.
12. MANAGEMENT OF ACCIDENT & EMERGENCY PHARMACY (A & E).
13. COMMON KNOWLEDGE OF ABOUT 100 DRUGS REGISTERED BY MINISTRY OF HEALTH, GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN.
Recommended Books
1. William Hassan, Hospital Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger, Washington, 5th Ed., 1986.
2. N I Bukhari, Hospital Pharmacy, Aziz Book Depot, Lahore-Pakistan (2000).
3. Martin Stephen, Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Press, London, 2003.
Fourth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-XI (Pharmaceutical Quality Management-I)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. SCOPE
(a) An understanding of the testing, quality control programme and methods adopted in a pharmaceutical industry, dosage form control, process control, testing program and methods, physical, chemical and biological tests and specifications, statitical quality control.
(b) General understanding of Total Quality Assurance and measures to adopt Quality Assurance
2. QUALITY CONTROL OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS:
(a) Physical tests: Hardness, Thickness and Diameter, Friability, Disintegration, Weight Variation.
(b) Chemical tests: Content uniformity, Assay of active ingredients and dissolution tests of Powders, Granules, Tablets and Capsules.
3. QUALITY CONTROL OF SYRUPS AND ELIXIRS:
Viscosity, its determiantion and application in the Quality Control of Pharmaceuticals, Weight per ml and Assay of active ingredients.
4. EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED ACTION PRODUCTS (TABLETS & CAPSULES):
Stability of viability rate during storage and In-vitro & In-vivo evaluation of sustaining action.
5. QUALITY CONTROL OF SUPPOSITORIES Disintegration test, Uniformity of weight, Assay of active ingredients, Liqefaction time test and Breaking test.
6. QUALITY CONTROL OF STERILE PRODUCTS (PARENTERALS) Leaker’s test, Clarity test, Pyrogen test for parenterals and other sterile preparations and Assay for active ingredients.
PHARMACEUTICS-XI (Pharmaceutical Quality Management-I)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Assay of various spirits, tinctures, extracts, syrups and elixirs, Assay of Ointments and suppositories, Assay of tablets and capsules, Test for alkalinity of glass, Determiantion of alcohol contents in the Pharmaceutical preparations and Pyrogen test.
Recommended Books
1. A H Beckett and J B Stennlake, Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Part-I and II, The Alton Press, London.
2. M Knevel and F E Digangi, Jenkin’s Quantitative Pharmaceutical Chemistry, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
3. K A Connors, A Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, John — Wiley and Sons, New York.
4. Braithwaite and F J Smith, Chromatographic Methods, Chapman and Hall, London.
5. G D Christian, Analytical Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
6. Karamt A Javaid, Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance in Class, Industry and Market, Aziz Publishers, Lahore-Pakistan (1993).
7. Gil Bismuth and Shosh Neumann, Cleaning Validation, A practical approach. CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2003.
8. J T Carstersen and C T Rhodes, Drug Stability: Principles and Practices, 3rd Ed. (revised and expanded), Mercel Dekker, New York. 2000.
9. Sydney H Willig, Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceuticals, Marcel Dekker Publishing.
10. Bryant R, The pharmaceutical Quality Control Hand Book, Aster Publishing Corporation, Eugene, 1989.
11. Braun R E, Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, McGraw-Hill Book Co, NY, 1987.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. SCOPE
(a) An understanding of the testing, quality control programme and methods adopted in a pharmaceutical industry, dosage form control, process control, testing program and methods, physical, chemical and biological tests and specifications, statitical quality control.
(b) General understanding of Total Quality Assurance and measures to adopt Quality Assurance
2. QUALITY CONTROL OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS:
(a) Physical tests: Hardness, Thickness and Diameter, Friability, Disintegration, Weight Variation.
(b) Chemical tests: Content uniformity, Assay of active ingredients and dissolution tests of Powders, Granules, Tablets and Capsules.
3. QUALITY CONTROL OF SYRUPS AND ELIXIRS:
Viscosity, its determiantion and application in the Quality Control of Pharmaceuticals, Weight per ml and Assay of active ingredients.
4. EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED ACTION PRODUCTS (TABLETS & CAPSULES):
Stability of viability rate during storage and In-vitro & In-vivo evaluation of sustaining action.
5. QUALITY CONTROL OF SUPPOSITORIES Disintegration test, Uniformity of weight, Assay of active ingredients, Liqefaction time test and Breaking test.
6. QUALITY CONTROL OF STERILE PRODUCTS (PARENTERALS) Leaker’s test, Clarity test, Pyrogen test for parenterals and other sterile preparations and Assay for active ingredients.
PHARMACEUTICS-XI (Pharmaceutical Quality Management-I)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Assay of various spirits, tinctures, extracts, syrups and elixirs, Assay of Ointments and suppositories, Assay of tablets and capsules, Test for alkalinity of glass, Determiantion of alcohol contents in the Pharmaceutical preparations and Pyrogen test.
Recommended Books
1. A H Beckett and J B Stennlake, Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Part-I and II, The Alton Press, London.
2. M Knevel and F E Digangi, Jenkin’s Quantitative Pharmaceutical Chemistry, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
3. K A Connors, A Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, John — Wiley and Sons, New York.
4. Braithwaite and F J Smith, Chromatographic Methods, Chapman and Hall, London.
5. G D Christian, Analytical Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
6. Karamt A Javaid, Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance in Class, Industry and Market, Aziz Publishers, Lahore-Pakistan (1993).
7. Gil Bismuth and Shosh Neumann, Cleaning Validation, A practical approach. CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2003.
8. J T Carstersen and C T Rhodes, Drug Stability: Principles and Practices, 3rd Ed. (revised and expanded), Mercel Dekker, New York. 2000.
9. Sydney H Willig, Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceuticals, Marcel Dekker Publishing.
10. Bryant R, The pharmaceutical Quality Control Hand Book, Aster Publishing Corporation, Eugene, 1989.
11. Braun R E, Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, McGraw-Hill Book Co, NY, 1987.
Fourth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-X (Biopharmaceutics-I)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1 DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY: Biopharmaceutics, Generic Equivalence, Bioavailability, Bioequivalence, Drug Disposition, Therapeutics, Pharmacokinetics, Biotransformation and Therapeutic Equivalents.
2. GASTRO-INTESTINAL ABSORPTION AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CONSIDERATIONS. Forces which help in transmembrane movements, pH Partition Theory, Lipid Solubility and Factors affecting Bioavailability.
3. BIOAVAILABILITY STUDIES: Purpose, Relative and Absolute Bioavailability, and Determination of Bioavailability.
4. FACTORS AFFECTING DISSOLUTION IN RESPECT OF BIOAVAILABILITY: Methods of in-vitro and in-vivo determination of rate of dissolution.
5. MULTIPLE DOSAGE REGEMIN.
6. INTRAVENOUS INFUSIONS.
7. BIOPHARMACEUTICAL AND PHARMACOKINETIC ASPECTS IN DEVELOPING A DOSAGE FORM.
PHARMACEUTICS-X (Biopharmaceutics)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Blood Sampling Techniques: In Laboratory Animals like dog, rabbits, mice etc. In human beings, In-vitro dissolution studies, Optional dose determination, Measurement of rate of Bioavailability, Determination of relative and absolute bioavailability.
Recommended Books
1. Leon Shargel, Applied Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Appleton & Lange, New York, 4th Ed., 1999.
2. Malcoln Rouland, Thomous N Tozer, Clinical Pharmacokinetics, William & Willkins, London, 1995.
3. Milo Gibaldi, Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Marchel & Dakker Inc, New York, 1982.
4. Gibbson and Skett, Introduction to Drug Metabolism, Champ & Hall,London, 1986.
5. Robert E Notari, Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Marchel & Dakker Inc, New York, 1988.
6. Stephen H Curry, Drug disposition and pharmacokinetics, Black Well Scientific Publishing, Oxford, 1977.
7. Avraham Yacobi, Toxicokinetics and New Drug Development, Paramount Press, New York, 1989.
8. Sarfraz Niazi, Text Book of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, 1985.
9. P Macheras, C Reppas and J B Dressman, Biopharmaceutics of orally administered drugs, Ellis Horwood Limited, London (1995).
10. Albert P Li, Invitro approaches for evaluation of drug efficacy and toxicity, CRC Press LLC, USA, 2004.
11. Ronald D Schoenwald, Pharmacokinetics in drug discovery and Development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2002.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1 DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY: Biopharmaceutics, Generic Equivalence, Bioavailability, Bioequivalence, Drug Disposition, Therapeutics, Pharmacokinetics, Biotransformation and Therapeutic Equivalents.
2. GASTRO-INTESTINAL ABSORPTION AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CONSIDERATIONS. Forces which help in transmembrane movements, pH Partition Theory, Lipid Solubility and Factors affecting Bioavailability.
3. BIOAVAILABILITY STUDIES: Purpose, Relative and Absolute Bioavailability, and Determination of Bioavailability.
4. FACTORS AFFECTING DISSOLUTION IN RESPECT OF BIOAVAILABILITY: Methods of in-vitro and in-vivo determination of rate of dissolution.
5. MULTIPLE DOSAGE REGEMIN.
6. INTRAVENOUS INFUSIONS.
7. BIOPHARMACEUTICAL AND PHARMACOKINETIC ASPECTS IN DEVELOPING A DOSAGE FORM.
PHARMACEUTICS-X (Biopharmaceutics)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Blood Sampling Techniques: In Laboratory Animals like dog, rabbits, mice etc. In human beings, In-vitro dissolution studies, Optional dose determination, Measurement of rate of Bioavailability, Determination of relative and absolute bioavailability.
Recommended Books
1. Leon Shargel, Applied Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Appleton & Lange, New York, 4th Ed., 1999.
2. Malcoln Rouland, Thomous N Tozer, Clinical Pharmacokinetics, William & Willkins, London, 1995.
3. Milo Gibaldi, Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Marchel & Dakker Inc, New York, 1982.
4. Gibbson and Skett, Introduction to Drug Metabolism, Champ & Hall,London, 1986.
5. Robert E Notari, Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Marchel & Dakker Inc, New York, 1988.
6. Stephen H Curry, Drug disposition and pharmacokinetics, Black Well Scientific Publishing, Oxford, 1977.
7. Avraham Yacobi, Toxicokinetics and New Drug Development, Paramount Press, New York, 1989.
8. Sarfraz Niazi, Text Book of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, 1985.
9. P Macheras, C Reppas and J B Dressman, Biopharmaceutics of orally administered drugs, Ellis Horwood Limited, London (1995).
10. Albert P Li, Invitro approaches for evaluation of drug efficacy and toxicity, CRC Press LLC, USA, 2004.
11. Ronald D Schoenwald, Pharmacokinetics in drug discovery and Development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2002.
Fourth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-IX (Industrial Pharmacy-I)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. MASS TRANSFER.
2. HEAT TRANSFER.
3. DRYING: Theories of drying, Drying of Solids, Classification of dryers, General Methods, Fluidized Bed systems, Pneumatic systems, Spray dryer, Freeze dying.
4. MIXING: Fundamentals, Mechanisms, Mixing Equipment used in Liquid/Liquid, Liquid/Solid and solid/solid mixing, Communition (size reduction), Reasons for size reduction, Factors affecting size reduction, size analysis, Sieving, Energy Mills (Ball Mill. Endrumer, Edge Rumer, Disintegrant, Colloid Mill, Hammer Mill, Cutter Mill, and Fluid Energy Mill etc.).
5. CLARIFICATION AND FILTERATION: Theory, Filter media, Filter aids, Filter selection and Equipment (Leaf filter, Filter press, Melta filters and Rotary filters).
6. EVAPORATION: General principles of Evaporation, Evaporators and Evaporation under reduced pressure.
7. COMPRESSION AND COMPACTION: The solid-air Interface, Angle of Repose, Flow rates, Mass volume relationship, Density, Heckel Plots, Consolidation, Granulation, Friability, Compression (dry method, wet method, slugging), Physics of Tabletting, tabletting machines and other equipment required, problems involved in tabletting, tablet coating,
Capsulation (Hard and Soft gelatin capsules).
8. SAFETY METHODS IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY:
(a) Mechanical, chemical and fire hazards problems.
(b) Inflammable gases and dusts.
PHARMACEUTICS-IX (Industrial Pharmacy-I)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Manufacture of Tablets by Wet Granulation Method, by Slugging and by Direct Compression. Coating of Tablets (Sugar Coating, Film coatingand Enteric Coating). Clarification of liquids by various processes. Size Reduction. Homogenization.
Recommended Books
1. Lackman, Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Verghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1987.
2. Cooper and Gunn’s, Tutorial Pharmacy, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
3. Bentley’s Pharmaceutical Text Book, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
4. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Company, USA, 2001.
5. John Sharp, Good Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Practice, Rational and Compliance.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. MASS TRANSFER.
2. HEAT TRANSFER.
3. DRYING: Theories of drying, Drying of Solids, Classification of dryers, General Methods, Fluidized Bed systems, Pneumatic systems, Spray dryer, Freeze dying.
4. MIXING: Fundamentals, Mechanisms, Mixing Equipment used in Liquid/Liquid, Liquid/Solid and solid/solid mixing, Communition (size reduction), Reasons for size reduction, Factors affecting size reduction, size analysis, Sieving, Energy Mills (Ball Mill. Endrumer, Edge Rumer, Disintegrant, Colloid Mill, Hammer Mill, Cutter Mill, and Fluid Energy Mill etc.).
5. CLARIFICATION AND FILTERATION: Theory, Filter media, Filter aids, Filter selection and Equipment (Leaf filter, Filter press, Melta filters and Rotary filters).
6. EVAPORATION: General principles of Evaporation, Evaporators and Evaporation under reduced pressure.
7. COMPRESSION AND COMPACTION: The solid-air Interface, Angle of Repose, Flow rates, Mass volume relationship, Density, Heckel Plots, Consolidation, Granulation, Friability, Compression (dry method, wet method, slugging), Physics of Tabletting, tabletting machines and other equipment required, problems involved in tabletting, tablet coating,
Capsulation (Hard and Soft gelatin capsules).
8. SAFETY METHODS IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY:
(a) Mechanical, chemical and fire hazards problems.
(b) Inflammable gases and dusts.
PHARMACEUTICS-IX (Industrial Pharmacy-I)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Manufacture of Tablets by Wet Granulation Method, by Slugging and by Direct Compression. Coating of Tablets (Sugar Coating, Film coatingand Enteric Coating). Clarification of liquids by various processes. Size Reduction. Homogenization.
Recommended Books
1. Lackman, Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Verghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1987.
2. Cooper and Gunn’s, Tutorial Pharmacy, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
3. Bentley’s Pharmaceutical Text Book, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
4. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Company, USA, 2001.
5. John Sharp, Good Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Practice, Rational and Compliance.
Fourth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-VIII (Clinical Pharmacy-I)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL PHARMACY: Terminologies, Basic Components and Scope.
2. PATIENT PROFILE:
(a) Patient disease profile.
(b) Taking case History.
(c) Drug Profile of 25 Drugs (Adrenaline, Aminoglycosides, Anti TB Drugs, Antiepileptics, Atropine, Benzodiazepines, Cepahlosporins, Chlorpheniramine, Cimetidine, Digoxin, Dobutamine, Dopamine, Fluroquinolone, Frusemide, Lactulose, Macrolides, Metoclopramide, Morphine/Pethedine, Nifedipine, NSAIDS, ORS, Penicillins, Prednisolone, Salbutamol, Vancomycin)
3. CLINICAL TRIALS OF DRUG SUBSTANCES. Designing of clinical trials, Types of trials, Choice of patients, Exclusion of patients and Monitoring a clinical trial.
4. EMERGENCY TREATMENT.
PHARMACEUTICS-VIII (Clinical Pharmacy-I)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
Clerkship in the Clinical setting. A project related to Clinical Pharmacy Practices will be completed by the students and will be evaluated by the external examiner.
Recommended Books
1. Roger Walker, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics,
2. Guard Paul, A Behavioral Approach to Pharmacy Practice, Black Well, USA, 2000.
3. Herfindal Gourley, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics,
4. A J Winfield, Pharmaceutical Practice, Churchill Levingstone, London, 2nd Ed.,
5. Kavin Taylor, Pharmacy Practice, Taylor & Francis, New York, 1998.
6. Deborah Rosenbaun, Clinical Research Coordinator Hand Book,
7. Simon Cook, Clinical Studies Management, a Practical Guide to Success,
8. Joseph. T. Dipiro, Encyclopedia of Clinical Pharmacy.
9. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopedia of Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing 2002.
10. Mellainie J Rantucci, Pharmacist Talking with Patients.1997
11. Smith GDG and Aronson J K, Oxford Text Book of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, Oxford Universotu Press, UK, 1990.
12. Hansten P and Horn J, Drug interactions. Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1989.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL PHARMACY: Terminologies, Basic Components and Scope.
2. PATIENT PROFILE:
(a) Patient disease profile.
(b) Taking case History.
(c) Drug Profile of 25 Drugs (Adrenaline, Aminoglycosides, Anti TB Drugs, Antiepileptics, Atropine, Benzodiazepines, Cepahlosporins, Chlorpheniramine, Cimetidine, Digoxin, Dobutamine, Dopamine, Fluroquinolone, Frusemide, Lactulose, Macrolides, Metoclopramide, Morphine/Pethedine, Nifedipine, NSAIDS, ORS, Penicillins, Prednisolone, Salbutamol, Vancomycin)
3. CLINICAL TRIALS OF DRUG SUBSTANCES. Designing of clinical trials, Types of trials, Choice of patients, Exclusion of patients and Monitoring a clinical trial.
4. EMERGENCY TREATMENT.
PHARMACEUTICS-VIII (Clinical Pharmacy-I)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
Clerkship in the Clinical setting. A project related to Clinical Pharmacy Practices will be completed by the students and will be evaluated by the external examiner.
Recommended Books
1. Roger Walker, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics,
2. Guard Paul, A Behavioral Approach to Pharmacy Practice, Black Well, USA, 2000.
3. Herfindal Gourley, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics,
4. A J Winfield, Pharmaceutical Practice, Churchill Levingstone, London, 2nd Ed.,
5. Kavin Taylor, Pharmacy Practice, Taylor & Francis, New York, 1998.
6. Deborah Rosenbaun, Clinical Research Coordinator Hand Book,
7. Simon Cook, Clinical Studies Management, a Practical Guide to Success,
8. Joseph. T. Dipiro, Encyclopedia of Clinical Pharmacy.
9. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopedia of Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing 2002.
10. Mellainie J Rantucci, Pharmacist Talking with Patients.1997
11. Smith GDG and Aronson J K, Oxford Text Book of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, Oxford Universotu Press, UK, 1990.
12. Hansten P and Horn J, Drug interactions. Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1989.
Fourth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutics
PHARMACEUTICS-VII (Hospital Pharmacy-I)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. INTRODUCTION
(a) Role of Pharmacist in Hospital.
(b) Minimum standards for pharmacies in Institutions/Hospitals.
(c) Research in Hospital Pharmacy.
2. HOSPITAL AND ITS ORGANIZATION
(a) Classification of Hospitals.
(b) Organizational Pattern.
(c) Administration.
(d) Clinical Departments.
(e) Nursing, Dietectic, Pathology, Blood Bank, Radiology and other supportive services etc.
(f) Role of Pharmacy in Hospital.
(g) Hospital Finances.
3. PHARMACY, ITS ORGANIZATION AND PERSONNEL
(a) Pharmacy specialist.
(b) Drug information Centre.
(c) Poison Control Centre and Antidote Bank.
(d) Pharmacy Education.
(e) Determining the need of Professional and other departmental staff.
(f) Professional services rendered.
4. PHARMACY AND THERAPEUTIC COMMITTEE.
5. THE HOSPITAL FORMULARY
(a) General Principles and guidelines to develop Formulary.
(b) Format.
(c) Preparation of the Formulary & Role of Pharmacist.
(d) Benefits and problems.
(e) Keeping up-to-date Formulary.
(f) Contraceptives.
6. DISPENSING TO INPATIENTS
(a) Methods of Dispensing & SOP’s.
(b) Unit dose dispensing.
(c) Other concepts of dispensing, Satellite Pharmacy etc.
7. DISPENSING TO AMBULATORY PATIENTS.
8. DISTRIBUTION OF CONTROL SUBSTANCES.
9. DISPENSING DURING OFF-HOURS.
10. SAFE USE OF MEDICATION IN THE HOSPITAL
(a) Medication error.
(b) Evaluation & Precautions of Medication Error.
(c) Role of Pharmacist in Controlling Medication Error.
Recommended Books
1. William Hassan, Hospital Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger, Washington, 5th Ed., 1986.
2. N I Bukhari, Hospital Pharmacy, Aziz Book Depot, Lahore-Pakistan, 2000.
3. Martin Stephen, Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Press, London, 2003.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. INTRODUCTION
(a) Role of Pharmacist in Hospital.
(b) Minimum standards for pharmacies in Institutions/Hospitals.
(c) Research in Hospital Pharmacy.
2. HOSPITAL AND ITS ORGANIZATION
(a) Classification of Hospitals.
(b) Organizational Pattern.
(c) Administration.
(d) Clinical Departments.
(e) Nursing, Dietectic, Pathology, Blood Bank, Radiology and other supportive services etc.
(f) Role of Pharmacy in Hospital.
(g) Hospital Finances.
3. PHARMACY, ITS ORGANIZATION AND PERSONNEL
(a) Pharmacy specialist.
(b) Drug information Centre.
(c) Poison Control Centre and Antidote Bank.
(d) Pharmacy Education.
(e) Determining the need of Professional and other departmental staff.
(f) Professional services rendered.
4. PHARMACY AND THERAPEUTIC COMMITTEE.
5. THE HOSPITAL FORMULARY
(a) General Principles and guidelines to develop Formulary.
(b) Format.
(c) Preparation of the Formulary & Role of Pharmacist.
(d) Benefits and problems.
(e) Keeping up-to-date Formulary.
(f) Contraceptives.
6. DISPENSING TO INPATIENTS
(a) Methods of Dispensing & SOP’s.
(b) Unit dose dispensing.
(c) Other concepts of dispensing, Satellite Pharmacy etc.
7. DISPENSING TO AMBULATORY PATIENTS.
8. DISTRIBUTION OF CONTROL SUBSTANCES.
9. DISPENSING DURING OFF-HOURS.
10. SAFE USE OF MEDICATION IN THE HOSPITAL
(a) Medication error.
(b) Evaluation & Precautions of Medication Error.
(c) Role of Pharmacist in Controlling Medication Error.
Recommended Books
1. William Hassan, Hospital Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger, Washington, 5th Ed., 1986.
2. N I Bukhari, Hospital Pharmacy, Aziz Book Depot, Lahore-Pakistan, 2000.
3. Martin Stephen, Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Press, London, 2003.
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