Ans: Infusions are liquid preparations, which are either prepared by infusion process or by diluting 1 part of concentrated infusion with 9 parts of water OR An infusion is the outcome of steeping plants with a desired flavor in water or oil.
Examples:
• Concentrated compound gention infusion.
• Concentrated senega infusion.
Q: What type of appratus is used in the preparation of infusion?
Ans: The simplest form of apparatus consists of BEAKER or a TEAPOT but special pots known as INFUSION POTS can also be used.
Q: How infusion is extracted?
Ans: The drug to be extracted is placed at the bottom of the pot, water is added and the content stirred occasionally or the drug may be enclosed in a piece of MUSLIN and suspended just below the level of the water.
The drug is allowed to remain in contact with water for the required time, which is usually 15 minutes. After the specified time, the liquid is strained and dispensed.
The marc is not pressed to avoid expression of colloidal cells into the final. Volume of the preparation is not adjusted by adding more of the vehicle otherwise dilution of active constituent will take place.
Q: How many types of infusion are used?
Ans: There are two types of infusion
• Freshly prepared infusion
• Concentrated infusion
Q: What do you know about the two types of infusions? And also give their examples.
Ans: 1. Freshly prepared infusion:
These must be used within 24 hours of its preparation.
Examples:
• Infusion of Senna.
• Infusion of quassia.
2. Concentrated infusion:
This infusion must be prepared by maceration or percolation process and alcohol is also used as a menstruum or a preservative.
Example:
• Concentrated infusion of Chirata.
• Concentrated infusion of gentian.
Q: What do you mean by decoction?
Ans: It is a method of extraction by boiling of dissolved chemicals, or plant material, which may include stems, roots, bark and rhizomes.
Decoctions differ from most teas, infusions, or tisanes in that they are usually boiled. The term is used colloquially in South India to refer to black coffee prepared by the traditional method.
Q: What is the etymology of decoction?
Ans: The term dates back to 1398, from present participle stem of Latin decoquere, (meaning to boil down), from de- + coquere "to cook".
Q: Write about process of decoction.
Ans: Decoction involves:
• First mashing and
• Then boiling in water to extract oils , volatile organic compounds and other chemical substances.
Q: How decoction is done in herbalism?
Ans: In herbalism, decoctions are usually made to extract fluids from hard plant materials such as roots and bark. To achieve this, the plant material is usually boiled for 8–10 minutes in water. It is then strained.
Q: What do you mean by tisane?
Ans: It is a type of infusion of flowers and leaves used in the form of herbal beverages such as herbal tea.
(This blog will help you in the preparation of Pharmacy Exams)
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Interesting books on Ancient medicines:
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