Fifth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutical Technology

PHARMACEUTICS-XIX (Pharmaceutical Technology-II)
(Theory)


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1. MODIFIED DRUG RELEASE DOSAGE FORM:

The concept of sustained release, First order release approximation, Multiple dosing, Implementation of designing, Approaches based upon dosage form modification, Product evaluation and testing, Matrices tablets, Control release technology, Microencapsulation, Method of particle coating and Instrumentation in granule manufacturing.

2. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY:

Biotechnological aspects in the product development, Fundamentals of Genetic Engineering and its Application in Medicine, Principle, Synthesis and Application of Monoclonal, Antibodies, Introduction to Gene therapy, Immobilized Enzymes and their application in Medicine, General Principle and Methods of Microbial Assay.

PHARMACEUTICS-XIX (Pharmaceutical Technology-II)
(Laboratory)

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NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Microbial assay, Particle size analysis using various methods, Stability studies of Pharmaceuticals, Coating of particles and To prepare, examine and control specifications of packaging materials.

Recommended Books

1. Anya M Hellery, Drug delivery and targeting, Taylor & Francis, London, 2001.
2. Joseph R Robinson Controlled drug delivery, Marcel & Dakker Inc, New York, 2nd Ed., 1987.
3. T V Ramabhadran, Pharmaceutical design and development, Ellis Horwood, New York, 1994.
4. M E Aulton, Pharmaceutics: Science of Dosage Forms Design, ELBS/Churchill Livingstone, London, 1998.
5. Banker, Modern pharmaceutics, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1990.
6. John A Bontempo, Development of biopharmaceutical parenteral dosage forms, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1997.
7. N K Jain, Controlled and Novel drug delivery, CBS Publishers and Distributers, New Dehi, 1997.
8. Ansel, Pharmaceutical Dosage Form in Drug Delivery System, Lee and Febiger, London, 1990.
9. Attaurahman and M I Chaudry, Bioassay techniques for drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2001.
10. Pramod K Gupta, Inject able drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1999.
11. H John Smith, Introduction to the principals of drug design and action, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1998.
12. Rong Liu, Water Insoluble Drug Formulations, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
13. Peter Blaisdell, Twenty First Century Pharmaceutical Development. CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
14. Lachman L, Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, 3rd Ed., 1986.

Fifth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutics

PHARMACEUTICS-XVIII (Clinical Pharmacy-IV)

(Theory)

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1. PHARMACEUTICAL CARE, ITS SCOPE, MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATION OF CARE PLAN.

2. ROLE OF CLINICAL PHARMACIST IN COMMUNITY PHARMACY.

3. CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS:

(a) General Strategy: Terminology of Disease. Management and Treatment. Drug Selection.

(b) Basic introduction of some clinical situations, their clinical features, etiology, pathophysiology and treatment of causes:

Common Cold, Pharyngitis and Tonsilitis, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Diarrhea, Malaria, Meningitis, Tetanus, Typhoid Fever, Measles, Rabies, AIDS, Congestive cardiac failure,

Conjunctivitis, Anaemia, Gout, Asthma, Ulcer, Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Hapatitis, Dermatology (Scabies, Fungal diseases).

4. CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY:

(a) General information. Role of pharmacist in treatment of poisoning and general management of poisoning & overdosage. Role and Status of Poison Control Centre.

(b) Antidotes and their mechanism of action

5. SAVE INTRAVENOUS THERAPY & HAZARDS OF INTRAVENOUS THERAPY.

6. NON-COMPLIANCE:

Definition, introduction and importance, Extent of non-compliance, Methods of assessment, Reasons for non-compliance, Strategies for improving compliance and Designing of compliance trials.

PHARMACEUTICS-XVIII (Clinical Pharmacy-IV)
(Laboratory)

Cr. Hr. 01

Clerkship in the Clinical setting. A project related to Clinical Pharmacy Practices will be completed by the students and will be evaluated by the external examiner.

Recommended Books

1. Roger Walker, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Churchill Levingstone, London,
2. Guard Paul, A Behavioral Approach to Pharmacy Practice, Black Well, USA,
3. Herfindal Gourley, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics,
4. A J Winfield, Pharmaceutical Practice, Churchill Levingstone, London,
5. Kavin Taylor, Pharmacy Practice, Taylor & Francis, New York, 1998.
6. Deborah Rosenbaun, Clinical Research Coordinator Hand Book,
7. Simon Cook, Clinical Studies Management, a Practical Guide to Success,
8. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopaedia of Clinical Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing,
9. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopaedia of Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing, 2002.
10. Mellainie J Rantucci, Pharmacist Talking with Patients, 1997.
11. Smith GDG and Aronson J K, Oxford Text Book of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, Oxford University Press, UK, 1990.
12. Hansten P and Horn J, Drug interactions. Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1989.

Fifth Professional, Second Semester, Pharmaceutical Chemistry

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-VI (Medicinal Chemistry-VI)
(Theory)


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Note:- The topics will be taught with special reference to their Pharmaceutical Applications.

1. GENERAL PROPERTIES, CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGICAL ACTION, STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF THE FOLLOWING:

(a) Anti-septics: Phenols and related compounds, Halogens and Halogen compounds, Aromatic acid and esters, Dyes, Nitrofuran derivatives, Formaldehyde and its derivatives, Mercurochrome and Thiomersal.

(b) Sulphonamides: Prontosil, sulphanilamide, Sulphapyridine, sulphadimidine, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfadiazine and Sulfafurazole.

(c) Antimalarials: 4-Aminoquinolines, 8-Aminoquinolines, 9-Amino acridines, Biguanides, Pyrimidine analogues, Mefloquine and Cinchoha alkaloids.

(d) Anthelmintics: Phenols and related compounds, Piperazine derivatives, Thiabendazole, Mebendazole and Pyrantal.

(e) Diuretics: Mercaptomerin, Meralluride, Thiazides, Sprironolactone, Theophylline, Furosemide, Acetazolamiode, Ethacrynic acid and Triameterene.

(f) Anti-tubercular Drugs: Ethambutol, Isonicotinic acid, Hydrazid, Rifampacin, Thioguanine, Pyrazinamide, cycloserine, Ethunamide, Cytarabine, 5- Flourouracil and Dacarbazine.

(g) Antiviral Drugs: Acyclovir, Tromantadine Hydrochloride and Ribavirin.

(h) Immunosuppressant Agents: Azathioprine and Cyclosporin.

2. ANTIBIOTICS:

Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracyclines, Kanamycin and Erythromycin.

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-VI (Medicinal Chemistry-VI)
(Laboratory)

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NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g.

1. Assay of the Drugs like Sulpha drugs, Aspirin, Paracetamol, Benzyl Penicillin.

2. Inorganic Preparations.

Recommended Books

1. Martin and Cook, Remington Practice of Pharmaceutical Science,
2. Foye W O, Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, Verghese Publising House,
3. Tyagi, Text Book of Synthetic Drugs, Anmol Publications, Delhi, 1990.
4. Alferd Burger, Medicinal Chemistry, Jhon Willey & Sons, New York,
5. Block, Roche, Soine and Wilson, Inorganic and Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Verghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1986.
6. Block, Roche, Soine and Wilson. Inorganic and Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1983.

Fifth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutical Management

PHARMACEUTICS-XX (Pharmaceutical Management and; Marketing-I)
(Theory)

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1. MANAGEMENT:

a) Nature and Principles of Management.

b) Types and Functions of Managers.

c) Planning: Purpose and types of Planning, Steps in Planning.

d) Organizing.

e) Management Control Systems
Purpose: Steps in the Control Process, Forms of Operations

control. Requirements for adequate control, Critical control points

and standards.

f) Motivation.

g) Innovation and creativity.

h) Communication.

2. PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT:

(a) Material Management.

Recommended Books

1. M Ahmad & N I Bukhari, Pharmaceutical Management and Marketing, Tariq Academy, Faisalabad-Pakistan (2002).
2. Patrick Tharp & Pedro J Lecca, Pharmacy Management for students and practitioners, The C V Mosby Company, St. Louis, Toronto, London (1979).
3. Harry A Smith, Principles & Methods of Pharmacy Management, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1986

Fifth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutics

PHARMACEUTICS-XIX (Forensic Pharmacy-I)

(Theory)

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STUDY OF DRUG LAWS:

(a) The Drugs Act 1976 and rules framed thereunder.

(b) Provincial Drug Rules (Respective Drug Rules will be taught in the

relevant province).

(c) Advertisement rules.

(d) Other related rules and Legal aspects.

Recommended Books

1. R Z Hussain. The Manual of Drug Laws in Pakistan, Irfan Law Book House, Lahore-Pakistan, 2003.
2. The Pharmacy Act, 1967.
3. The Poisons Act, 1919.
4. The Dangerous Drugs Act 1930.
5. The Factory Law 1934.
6. Shop and Establishment Ordinance 1969.
7. Control of Narcotics Substances Act 1997.

Fifth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutics

PHARMACEUTICS-XVIII (Pharmaceutical Technology-I)
(Theory)

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1. PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION AND

DOSAGE FORM DESIGN: Product Formulation, Need for Dosage Form

and Preformulation Studies.

2. FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT: Pharmaceutical Aerosoles,

Ophthalmic Preparations, and Parenteral Preparations.

3. ADVANCED FORMULATION TECHNIQUES: Development of a

formualtion methodology and flow plan for the new product. New

technologies in drug delivery system.

4. NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS:

a) Introduction to the Drug Carrier: Liposomes, Niosomes and

Biodegradable polymers.

b) Active & Passive Drug Delivery System.

c) Other Novel GIT Systems.

PHARMACEUTICS-XVIII (Pharmaceutical Technology-I)
(Laboratory)

Cr. Hr. 01

NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the

basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the

requirements, e.g. Various techniques to develop the formulation,

Granulation technology, Study of drug delivery systems, Biotechnological

aspect of product development, In-vitro Quality Control

of various dosage forms.

Recommended Books

1. Anya M Hellery, Drug delivery and targeting, Taylor & Francis, London, 2001.
2. Joseph R Robinson Controlled drug delivery, Marcel & Dakker Inc, New York, 2nd Ed., 1987.
3. T V Ramabhadran, Pharmaceutical design and development, Ellis Horwood, New York, 1994.
4. M E Aulton, Pharmaceutics: Science of Dosage Forms Design, ELBS/Churchill Livingstone, London, 1998.
5. Banker, Modern pharmaceutics, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1990.
6. John A Bontempo, Development of biopharmaceutical parenteral dosage forms, Marchell Dakker Inc, New York, 1997.
7. N K Jain, Controlled and Novel drug delivery, CBS Publishers & Distributers, New Dehi, 1997.
8. Ansel, Pharmaceutical Dosage Form in Drug Delivery System, Lee & Febiger, London, 1990.
9. Attaurahman and M I Chaudry, Bioassay techniques for drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2001.
10. Pramod K Gupta, Inject able drug development, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1999.
11. H John Smith, Introduction to the principals of drug design and action, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 1998
12. Rong Liu, Water Insoluble Drug Formulations, CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
13. Peter Blaisdell, Twenty First Century Pharmaceutical Development. CRC Press, LLC, USA, 2000.
14. Lachman L, Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, 3rd Ed., 1986.

Fifth Professional, First Semester, Pharmaceutics

PHARMACEUTICS-XVII (Clinical Pharmacy-III)

(Theory)

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1. RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS: Rational Presribing, Rational Dispensing,

Problems of Irrational Drug Use, Learning about drug use problem,

Sampling to study drug use, Indicators of drug use.

2. INTRODUCTION TO ESSENTIAL DRUGS: Criteria for selection,

Usage and Advantages.

3. DRUG UTILZATION EVALUATION & DRUG UTILIZATION

REVIEW (DUE/DUR): Development of protocol of use of few very low

therapeutic index drug groups like Steroids, Vancomycin and Cimetidine.

4. DRUG ABUSE and; MISUSE.
5. PRACTICAL PHARMACOKINETICS: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of

Digoxin, Theophyline, Gentamycin, Lithium, Phenytoin, Cabamazepine,

Phenobarbitone, Primidone, Walparic Acid, Cyclosporins and

Vancomycin.

6. PHARMACOECONOMIC STUDIES.

PHARMACEUTICS-XVII (Clinical Pharmacy-III)
(Laboratory)

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Clerkship in the Clinical setting. A project related to Clinical Pharmacy

Practices will be completed by the students and will be evaluated by the

external examiner.

Recommended Books

1. Roger Walker, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Churchill Levingstone, London, 3rd Ed., 2003.
2. Guard Paul, A Behavioral Approach to Pharmacy Practice, Black Well, USA, 2000.
3. Herfindal Gourley, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, William & Willkins, London, 1992.
4. A J Winfield, Pharmaceutical Practice, Churchill Levingstone, London, 2nd Ed., 1998.
5. Kavin Taylor, Pharmacy Practice, Taylor & Francis, New York, 1998.
6. Deborah Rosenbaun, Clinical Research Coordinator Hand Book, 2nd Ed., Sarrison, Inc, North Carolina, USA.
7. Simon Cook, Clinical Studies Management, a Practical Guide to Success, Sue Horwood Publishing limited, West Sussex, UK.
8. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopedia of Clinical Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker, Publishing, 2003.
9. Joseph T Dipiro, Encyclopedia of Pharmacy. Marcel Dekker Publishing, 2002.
10. Mellainie J Rantucci, Pharmacist Talking with Patients, 1997.
11. Smith GDG and Aronson J K, Oxford Text Book of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, Oxford University Press, UK, 1990.
12. Hansten P and Horn J, Drug interactions. Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 1989.