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Sunday, October 12, 2008

Arbekacin

(M. Kurebe et al.) Chemical name of Arbekacin is "1-N[(S)-4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl]-3',4'-dideoxykanamycin B".(Yusuke Tanigawara et al.) It is a derivative of "Dibekacin". (M. Inoue et al.)Arbekacin works good against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which are even resistant to other types of good aminoglycosides. (M. Kurebe et al.)It is less toxic to ear than amikacin and dabekacin.

Dosage and administration:
(Yusuke Tanigawara et al.) Its usual dose for adults is 150-200 mg/day. It is administered IV or IM in divided doses.

Pharmacokinetics:

Elimination:
(Yusuke Tanigawara et al.) It is eliminated in the urine.

References:
M. Inoue, M. Nonoyama , R. Okamoto, T. Ida. Antimicrobial activity of arbekacin, a new aminoglycoside antibiotic, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Drugs under experimental and clinical research, 1994, volume 20, number 6, pages 233-239.

M. Kurebe, M. Yokota, T. Niizato, F. Kai, T. Yoshida, R. Okamoto, S. Mitsuhashi. Antibacterial activity and ototoxicity in guinea pigs, and nephrotoxicity in rats of arbekacin. Arzneimittelforschung. 1986 Oct; Volume 36(10): Pages 1511-7.

Yusuke Tanigawara, Reiko Sato, Kunihiko Morita, Mitsuo Kaku, Naoki Aikawa, and Kihachiro Shimizu. Population Pharmacokinetics of Arbekacin in Patients Infected with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial Agents Chemotherapy. 2006 November; volume 50(11): Pages 3754–3762.

Copyright, (c), 2008, http://jeepakistan.blogspot.com

Saturday, October 11, 2008

Classification of Aminoglycosides

Aminoglycosides include:
1. Those that are derived from the genus of bacteria namely "Streptomyces". These aminoglycoside antibiotics end with "-mycin" and include:
a. Streptomycin ·
b. Neomycinc.
c. Kanamycin
d. Hygromycin B ·
e. Spectinomycin.

2. Those that are derived from the genus of bacteria namely "Micromonospora". These aminoglycoside antibiotics end with "-micin" and include:
a. Gentamicin
b. Verdamicin

3. Those that are derived from these antibiotics:
a. Arbekacin(1)
b. Framycetin
c. Amikacin
d. Paromomycin
e. Ribostamycin
f. Dibekacin
g. Tobramycin
h. Netilmicin
i. Sisomicin
j. Isepamicin(2)
k. Habekacin (N. Tanaka et al.)

Further reading:
Aminoglycoside Antibiotics: From Chemical Biology to Drug Discovery by Dey P. Arya.

References:
(1) Arti Kapil, Rashi Bali, B. K. Das, In vitro susceptibility of nosocomial isolates against a new aminoglycoside isepamicin. Indian Journal of Medical Research, Feb 2001.

(2) M. Inoue, M. Nonoyama , R. Okamoto, T. Ida. Antimicrobial activity of arbekacin, a new aminoglycoside antibiotic, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Drugs under experimental and clinical research, 1994, volume 20, number 6, pages 233-239.

N. Tanaka, K. Matsunaga, A. Hirata, Y. Matsuhisa and T. Nishimura. Mechanism of action of habekacin, a novel amino acid-containing aminoglycoside antibiotic. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1983 November; 24(5): Pages 797–802.

Further Reading:
The Goodman and Gilman Manual of Pharmacology and Therapeutics by Laurence Brunton, Donald blumenthal, Iain buxton and Keith Parker

AHFS Drug Information 2008 (Ahfs Drug Information) by American Society of Health-system

Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology, 4th Edition (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series) by Richard A. Harvey, Pamela C. Champe, Richard Finkel, Luigi Cubeddu and Michelle A. Clarke

Copyright, (c), 2008, http://jeepakistan.blogspot.com