Pharmaceutics-IV (Pharmaceutical Preparations-II)
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
1. TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: Introduction of Ointments, Creams, Pastes, Poultice, Plasters, Lotions, Liniments, Topical gels, Topical Tinctures, Collodions, Topical solutions, Topical Powders, Percutaneous absorption, Transdermal systems in use.
2. OPHTHALMIC, NASAL AND OTIC PREPARATIONS: Ophthalmic solutions, suspensions, ointment, inserts, contact lens solutions. Nasal decongestant solutions, Decongestant inhalers. Ear preparations: Antiinfective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic.
3. SUPPOSITORIES AND VAGINAL SUPPOSITORIES: Semi-solid Preparations, Suppositories bases, preparation, packaging and storage, Solutions/Anemas.
4. AEROSOLS, INHALATIONS AND SPRAYS: Aerosol: Principle, container and valve assembly, Propellants, filling, testing, packaging, labeling and storage.
5. POWDERS, CAPSULES, and TABLET DOSAGE FORMS: Preparation of Powders, mixing of powders, uses and packaging of powders, granules, effervescent, granulated salts. Hard gelatin capsules, capsule sizes, preparation of filled hard gelatin capsules, soft gelatin capsules, preparation and its application. Tablets, their types, characteristics and methods of preparation.
6. INTRODUCTION TO PARENTERALS: Official types of injections, solvents and vehicles for injections, added substances.
7. A brief introduction to oral hygiene products.
Pharmaceutics-IV (Pharmaceutical Preparations-II)
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Prepartion of Methyl salicylate ointment, Sulpher ointment, Calamine lotion, Iodine tincture, Preparations of oral
hygiene products, Poultice of Kaolin, Effervescent granules, Distilled Water for injections.
(A minimum of 10n practicals will be conducted)
Recommended Books
1. Michel E Aulton, Pharmaceutics, ELBS/Churchill Livingstone, London, 1998.
2. Bentley’s Book of Pharmaceutics, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986
3. Pharmaceutics, The Science of Dosage Form Design. 2nd Ed., HawCourt Publisher, 2002.
4. E A Rawlins, Berdley’s Textbook of Pharmaceutics, edited by 8th time (or recent edition) 1977. Macmillan Publishing Co Inc, New York.
5. Sprowl’s (Dittert L W; Ed.), American Pharmacy, 7th Ed., J B Lippincott Co, 1990.
Wednesday, March 2, 2011
Second Professional, First semester, Pak Studies
PAKISTAN STUDIES
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
As per syllabi of B.A/B.Sc. classes, approved by the respective University.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
As per syllabi of B.A/B.Sc. classes, approved by the respective University.
Second Professional, First semester, Pharmaceutical Microbiology
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY-I
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
Note:- The topics will be taught with special reference to their Pharmaceutical Applications.
1. GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY: Historical Introduction, Scope of Microbiology with special reference to Pharmaceutical Sciences. Nomenclature and classification of Micro-organisms.
2. ORGANISMS:
The Bacteria: General and cellular Morphology, structure and function. Classification of Bacteria. Growth curve, growth factors and growth characteristics. Nutrition, Requirements and Nutrition factors affecting growth. Culture Media, Bacterial cultures and staining Methods. The Viruses: Introduction, Classification (and detail of at least one species from every group), cultivation, and replication.
3. THE FUNGI/YEAST/MOLDS.
4. THE PROTOZOA.
5. The NORMAL FLORA: Microbiology of air, water and soil (General introduction and normal inhibitants of air, water, and soil).
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY-I
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Preparation of general and selective media and culturing of micro-organisms. Total and viable counts of microorganism. Morphological and selective biochemical characteriz-ation of some specimen. Staining of Bacteria: Gram method, Acid fast, Giemasas staining, Capsule staining, Flagella staining and Spore staining. Microbiological analysis of air, water and soil.
Recommended Books
1. Jawetiz, Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 5th Ed., Churchill Livingstone, London, 1998.
2. W B Hugo & A D Russell, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Black Well Science Ltd, London, 6th Ed., 1998.
3. Lippincot. Microbiology by Lipponcott. William & Willkin, USA, 2001.
4. Alcamo. Introduction to Microbiology. John Bartlett Publishers, 6th Ed., 2003.
5. Collin and Lynes, Microbiological Methods, Vutterworth Heineman, Oxford, 1995.
6. M Mekallee, Microbiology: Essentials and Application, McGraw-Hill Inc, 2nd Ed.
7. Singleton and Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular biology, John Willey & Sons, New York, 2000.
8. Pelczar, Microbiology, McGraw-Hill Inc, 1996.
9. Prescott, Harley, Microbiology, 2nd Ed., Klein Wm C Brown Publishers, 2001.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
Note:- The topics will be taught with special reference to their Pharmaceutical Applications.
1. GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY: Historical Introduction, Scope of Microbiology with special reference to Pharmaceutical Sciences. Nomenclature and classification of Micro-organisms.
2. ORGANISMS:
The Bacteria: General and cellular Morphology, structure and function. Classification of Bacteria. Growth curve, growth factors and growth characteristics. Nutrition, Requirements and Nutrition factors affecting growth. Culture Media, Bacterial cultures and staining Methods. The Viruses: Introduction, Classification (and detail of at least one species from every group), cultivation, and replication.
3. THE FUNGI/YEAST/MOLDS.
4. THE PROTOZOA.
5. The NORMAL FLORA: Microbiology of air, water and soil (General introduction and normal inhibitants of air, water, and soil).
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY-I
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Preparation of general and selective media and culturing of micro-organisms. Total and viable counts of microorganism. Morphological and selective biochemical characteriz-ation of some specimen. Staining of Bacteria: Gram method, Acid fast, Giemasas staining, Capsule staining, Flagella staining and Spore staining. Microbiological analysis of air, water and soil.
Recommended Books
1. Jawetiz, Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 5th Ed., Churchill Livingstone, London, 1998.
2. W B Hugo & A D Russell, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Black Well Science Ltd, London, 6th Ed., 1998.
3. Lippincot. Microbiology by Lipponcott. William & Willkin, USA, 2001.
4. Alcamo. Introduction to Microbiology. John Bartlett Publishers, 6th Ed., 2003.
5. Collin and Lynes, Microbiological Methods, Vutterworth Heineman, Oxford, 1995.
6. M Mekallee, Microbiology: Essentials and Application, McGraw-Hill Inc, 2nd Ed.
7. Singleton and Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular biology, John Willey & Sons, New York, 2000.
8. Pelczar, Microbiology, McGraw-Hill Inc, 1996.
9. Prescott, Harley, Microbiology, 2nd Ed., Klein Wm C Brown Publishers, 2001.
Second Professional, First semester, Pharmacognosy
PHARMACOGNOSY-I
Drugs. Evaluation of Crude Drugs I E. Organoleptic, Microscopic, Physical, Chemical and Biological.
2. THE STUDY OF THE CRUDE DRUGS BELONGING TO VARIOUS FAMILIES OF MEDICINAL IMPORTANCE
Families Crude Drugs
a. Ranunculanceae Aconitum, Larkspur, Pulsatilla, Hydrastis.
b. Papaveraaceae Papaver Somniferum, Sanguinaria, Canadensis.
c. Leguminosae Acacia, Glycyrrhiza, Senna, Cassia, Tamarind.
d. Umbelliferae Fennel, Carum, Coriander, Conium, Asafoetida.
e. Apocynaceae Rauwolfia, Catharanthus.
f. Solanaceae Belladonna, Hycscyamus, Stramonium Capsicum.
g. Scrophulariaceae Digitalis, Verbascum (Mullien).
h. Labiatae Peppermint, Thyme, Spearmint, Salvia, Ocimum.
i. Liliaceae Garlic, Colchicum, Aloe.
j. Zingiberaceae Ginger, Curcuma.
3. GROWTH REGULATORS: General account with special reference to Auxins, Gibberellins Abscisic acid, Cytokinins and Ethylene.
PHARMACOGNOSY -I
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Introduction of the entire and broken parts of the plant drugs (Macro and organoleptic characters).
(Note: A minimum of 10 practicals will be conducted)
Recommended Books
1. V E Tyler, L R Brady and J E Robbers, Pharmacognosy, 9th Ed., Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1988.
2. G E Trease and W C Evans, Pharmacognosy, W B Saunders, Philadelphia, Toronto, 2002.
3. K Usmanghani, Topics in Pharmacognosy, University Grants Commission Monograph Series, Islamabad, pp74, 1985.
4. T E Wellis, Text book of Pharmacognosy, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
5. Varro E Taylor, Pharmacognosy, Lee Febiger Philadelphia, 9th Ed.
6. Mohammad Ali, Introduction to Pharmacognosy, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
7. K Usmanghani, Chemical Pharmacognosy, University Grants Commission, Islamabad, 1985.
8. Youngkin H W, Text Book of Pharmacognosy, The Blakiston Co, Toronto, 6th Ed., 1948.
(Theory)
Cr. Hr. 03
Cr. Hr. 03
1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION: Historical Development and Scope of Pharmacognosy. Traditional system of Medicine/medicinal plants. Evolution of Modern system of Medicine (History of Modern System of Medicine). Classification of Crude Drugs with Special Emphasis to Chemical and Therapeutical System of Classification. Terminology Used in Pharmacognosy. Preparation of Crude Drugs for Commercial Market, Methods of Cultivation, Drying, Storage. Preservation, Packing, Deterioration and Adulteration of Crude
Drugs. Evaluation of Crude Drugs I E. Organoleptic, Microscopic, Physical, Chemical and Biological.
2. THE STUDY OF THE CRUDE DRUGS BELONGING TO VARIOUS FAMILIES OF MEDICINAL IMPORTANCE
Families Crude Drugs
a. Ranunculanceae Aconitum, Larkspur, Pulsatilla, Hydrastis.
b. Papaveraaceae Papaver Somniferum, Sanguinaria, Canadensis.
c. Leguminosae Acacia, Glycyrrhiza, Senna, Cassia, Tamarind.
d. Umbelliferae Fennel, Carum, Coriander, Conium, Asafoetida.
e. Apocynaceae Rauwolfia, Catharanthus.
f. Solanaceae Belladonna, Hycscyamus, Stramonium Capsicum.
g. Scrophulariaceae Digitalis, Verbascum (Mullien).
h. Labiatae Peppermint, Thyme, Spearmint, Salvia, Ocimum.
i. Liliaceae Garlic, Colchicum, Aloe.
j. Zingiberaceae Ginger, Curcuma.
3. GROWTH REGULATORS: General account with special reference to Auxins, Gibberellins Abscisic acid, Cytokinins and Ethylene.
PHARMACOGNOSY -I
(Laboratory)
Cr. Hr. 01
NOTE:- Practicals of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. Introduction of the entire and broken parts of the plant drugs (Macro and organoleptic characters).
(Note: A minimum of 10 practicals will be conducted)
Recommended Books
1. V E Tyler, L R Brady and J E Robbers, Pharmacognosy, 9th Ed., Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1988.
2. G E Trease and W C Evans, Pharmacognosy, W B Saunders, Philadelphia, Toronto, 2002.
3. K Usmanghani, Topics in Pharmacognosy, University Grants Commission Monograph Series, Islamabad, pp74, 1985.
4. T E Wellis, Text book of Pharmacognosy, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
5. Varro E Taylor, Pharmacognosy, Lee Febiger Philadelphia, 9th Ed.
6. Mohammad Ali, Introduction to Pharmacognosy, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
7. K Usmanghani, Chemical Pharmacognosy, University Grants Commission, Islamabad, 1985.
8. Youngkin H W, Text Book of Pharmacognosy, The Blakiston Co, Toronto, 6th Ed., 1948.
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