Cramp

Cramp: It denotes painful contractions of the muscles.

Condensation

Condensation: It is the process of the formation of molecules which are denser than their parent compounds. It is done usually with the escape of simple substances such as water.

Bone marrow

Bone marrow: A soft type of substance present inside some of the bones that is involved in the generation of blood cells. It is also called as “medulla osium”.

Arthralgia

Arthralgia: Joint pain

Hydroxyurea

It is used to treat sickle cell disease.

Mechanism of action:
It is found to promote the level of fetal hemoglobin resulting in the dilution of abnormal hemoglobin S (HbS). This may take a long time of up to many months. As a result slow polymerization of HbS occurs and painful conditions are not developed by the sickle cells which are blocking capillaries and causing inadequate supply of oxygen in tissues.

Therapeutic uses:
It is helpful in relieving pain of patients with sickle cell disease.
It is also used to cure chronic type of myelogenous leukemia and polycythemia vera.

Adverse effects:
It may cause suppression of bone marrow and inflammation of the vessels of the skin.

Sargramostim

It is a Hematopoeitic growth factor. It is a granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) involved in the increase in granulocyte and macrophages.

Oprelvekin

It is a Hemtopoeitic Growth Factor. It is interleukin-11(IL-11). It is a nonglycosylated protein involved in the increase of platelet count.